Occurrence and Control of Weeds in Summer Sowing Corn Fields in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

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I. Occurrence of weeds in corn fields China is a major producer of corn in the world. The annual planting area is about 300 million mu. Yellow-Huaihai (Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin and northern and southern Jiangsu) summer sowing maize The area is the largest area in China, and most of the cultivation methods are “wheat-corn” two crops a year. The main weeds in the corn field include crabgrass, goosegrass, barnyard grass, purslane, twigs, and flowers. Grasshopper, Tweed, Green Dogtail, Cyperus rotundus, Irongrass, Solanum nigrum and so on. Due to its long-term and associated with corn, its occurrence has its own characteristics. First of all, the vitality of weeds in corn fields is extremely strong. In general, seeds are still buried in the soil for 20 years and there are still germination rates, such as aconite, peony root, alfalfa, purslane, and convolvulus. Second, general weeds mature early, irregular, easy to drop, emergence is also segmented, adverse control. Third, it can make many weeds "resurrection", especially perennial weeds, such as purslane in the three days after the manual weeding can continue to grow in the rain. The underground buds of weeds such as Cyperus rotundus, Sesamia oleifera, and bowl-flowering plant after mechanical tillage have the ability to regenerate plants. Fourth, the amazing ability to reproduce, the vast majority of the number of weeds in crops is several times, several hundred times or even tens of thousands of times. There is a total of about 220,000 seeds of a variety of crabgrass, showing that its reproductive ability is so strong. The fifth, clever way of communication, the vast majority of the seeds and fruits of weeds are very clever, very powerful communication force and a variety of ways and means of transmission. For example, if there are crowned hairs flying on the fruits of the pungent vegetables, the weeds in the corn field have the above-mentioned characteristics. Therefore, in recent years, weeds have become more and more serious and the damage has become greater and greater. In severe cases, production can be reduced by 30% to 50%. Controlling and controlling weeds has become a major issue in current production. Second, weeds in summer corn fields and control of summer maize in the Huang-Quan area There are two kinds of planting methods, one is no-tillage sowing, one is ploughing live. Tillage is planted by turning ploughs and other ploughs after harvesting of the upper glutinous wheat, then leveling the land and sowing the corn. In this kind of farmland, weeds and corn are sown at the same time after corn is sown because the soil is turned after the harvest and the weeds unearthed before harvest are removed. As long as the soil moisture is suitable, the general soil sealant can be used to sow the pre-emergence soil treatment to achieve the ideal weeding effect. At present, the commonly used herbicides in production include “Xuanhuayi A” and “Corn Po”. Single use effect is better. In the past, we have used the “baby” treatment method for more types of weeds in past years. For fields with aconite roots or barnyardgrass, soil can be treated with “Gong A”. No-tillage corn is divided into two situations. One is to interplant corn between wheat ridges before harvest; the second is to keep field buckwheat direct-seeded corn (also known as "paste" or "steel shovel") after wheat is harvested. ). No-tillage No matter what kind of planting method, most of the farmland will have a part of weeds unearthed before the harvest of wheat. This part of the weeds is “passed” into the corn field after the wheat is harvested. Before and after the sowing of the summer corn, it is in the high temperature and rainy season. At this time, the weeds grow quickly and the large grasses and new grasses often threaten the growth of the corn seedlings. In control, the wild fire is generally used to destroy the big grass, and then the soil sealers such as "A" and "Corn Po" are equal to the soil treatment before seeding after sowing. Can also be used directly "fast block", a drug block double effect. For more weed species, fields can also be closed with "Baby". The high wheat field block can be treated with “Jinyi A”. A lot of sweet aconite can be used as a "closed" soil treatment. After the planting of the seedlings with poor soil treatment or soil sealing effect before planting, the shoots and leaves may be sprayed with “Bei” and “Caobao” before the three-leaf weeds of corn emerge. After the three-leaf corn, the weeds are still relatively heavy and can be controlled by “Ebel”. “Yubao” is more convenient and safe to use. See the herb and do not have to wait for the rain. For more fields of Aconite, "Fuziqing" can be used for spraying between rows, which not only has good control effect on Aconite, but also can cure other broadleaf weeds. At present, chemical weeding has been accepted by the majority of farmers because of its advantages of rapidness, high efficiency, and easy operation. Especially in the summer maize growing season, due to the rapid growth of high-temperature, high-moisture weeds, coupled with frequent rainy weather, artificial and mechanical control difficulties, we also strongly advocate the use of chemical weed control. However, if the types of chemical herbicides are improperly selected or the methods or period of use are not suitable, adverse effects such as poor control may occur, and even adverse consequences such as drug damage may occur. Therefore, it is necessary for farmers to first select the herbicides and their combinations according to the above circumstances. The use of methods to master the use of time, in order to achieve safe, effective, increase production purposes.

The ratio of the extract is the extraction of concentrated raw materials such as plant animals and extracts of the extract, flow extract or powder, the number of raw materials before extraction and extraction of concentrated products after the mathematical ratio.
The proportion of the extract is generally not very clear ingredients and content.
Such as 10 kg of scutellaria extract extracted into 1 kg of powdered products, we call the 10: 1 ratio of Scutellaria extract, the extract of baicalin, baicalein and other important indicators there is no clear standard.

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