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First, Houttuynia requirements on environmental conditions Houttuynia warm and humid environment, afraid of frost, avoid drought, underground stems more cold-resistant, below -15 °C can be overwintering, 12 °C germination, growth suitable temperature 16-25 °C; The original growth in low-humidity land and water ditch, the higher demand for water, the entire growth period requires adequate water supply to keep the soil moist; the soil and light requirements are not strict, with organic-rich soil is better, for nitrogen, The ratio of three elements of phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:5. Houttuynia can also be cultivated in terrestrial water, and the net seed can be planted in the orchard.
Second, the election site preparation and application of base fertilizer
1. Plot selection The loam or sandy loam soil is cultivated with flat terrain, sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep tillage layer, suitable soil structure, good physical and chemical properties, and moderate fertility.
2. After the land is carefully selected for the site preparation, the weeds and gravel are thoroughly removed and the sunburn is cultivated. Before the planting, the ploughs were turned and the basal fertilizer was applied to make the plot loose, fertile and flat.
3. Before planting basal fertilizer, uniform spread of farmyard manure 2000--3000kg, ash 150--200kg (or 15kg of potassium sulfate) per 667m2 uniformly spread, plough 1 time, depth 25--30cm, so that Fertilizer and soil are fully mixed.
4, science for local reasons, as a tactic, low-lying and cold soaked into impotence, high ground made low or flat, 2 meters to make rake, rake width 1.5--1.7m.
Third, planting technology
1. Breeding methods are planted after the end of spring frost in the spring. Houttuynia cordata generally adopts underground stems for asexual reproduction, rhizome propagation and cutting propagation:
(1) Rhizome breeding. From February to March, the rhizomes were excavated before the plants sprouted. Cut into 10 to 12 cm long pieces with 2 or more axillary buds and leave fibrous roots. According to the spacing of 30 cm to 3 to 4.5 cm deep shallow ditch, the cut rhizome, according to 8-10 cm spacing in the ditch in the trench, cover soil 6 to 10 cm, a little after suppression, watering. Keep the soil moist and emerge after 20 days.
(2) Cut propagation. It can be carried out in the spring and summer seasons. Select coarser, pest-free overground stalks, cut into 12--15 cm lengths, and use 3 to 4 knots as cuttings to cut in the open sandy loam cutting bed. 14 centimeters and 10 centimeters, cuttings inserted into the bed two sections, exposed 1 to 2 sections. After plugging in, insert a suitable shed to cover the bed. The plug temperature is 25°C to 30°C; the relative humidity is more than 90%. After the cuttings take root and grow new leaves, the arbors can be gradually removed and transplanted to the field for growth after 10 to 15 days.
3, planting methods Select fat stems, cut with a good tool to cut into 5--10cm long, to ensure that each section has 3--4. Plant 15 cm wide and 20 cm deep planting trenches on the surface of the plant. Put the stems in the trenches with a 5 cm plant spacing. Cover the 6- to 7-cm thick fine soil. The soil is moist and water-free. When the soil is dry, timely irrigation. The soil can be germinated from 15-20d, with 80-100kg per acre.
Fourth, field management
1. After weeding and weeding, Houttuynia cordata is planted, weeds must be removed and weeds must be removed before closing the line. After weaving the lines, weeding can be done manually. Weald and weeding should be combined with cultivating and weeding for good management of water and fertilizer.
2. Water and Fertilizer Management Wet soil is maintained throughout the growing period. The early growth was slow, and the seedlings survived until they were sealed. Before planting, 8 to 10 kg of urea was used as Miaofei. The amount of fertilizer required for the growth of stems and leaves was larger, and 45% of compound fertilizer was applied at 10 to 15 kg per mu. Later, it was changed to top dressing, with 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, spraying once every 7 days, a total of 4-5 times. When the plant height is more than 10 cm, the soil will be cultivated in time to make the underground stem long and white and tender. No contaminated filthy water is irrigated throughout the growing season, and the use of garbage, sludge, manure (animal) excrement, nitrate nitrogen (ammonium nitrate, etc.), and nitrate nitrogen as raw material are prohibited. Mix fertilizers and ban all fertilizers within 30 days before harvesting.
3, removal of buds above the shoots, should timely harvest stems and leaves; flowering buds timely removal of buds in order to avoid flowering consume a lot of nutrients and inhibit the growth of underground stems.
4. Pest and pest control Houttuynia rarely suffers from pests and diseases, and generally does not require chemical control. Occasionally encountered root rot, can be used 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-time solution pouring.
5, after each harvest management over the winter, combined with weeding loose soil top dressing to promote plant germination, soil cultivation in winter to facilitate the overwintering, lay the foundation for the budding in the coming year.
V. Timely harvesting of edible leaves, stems and leaves can be harvested from April to October, and can be harvested several times. With underground stems for products, from summer to winter can be gradually harvested according to market demand. Wash it after harvesting and tie it up. During storage and transportation, proper watering and preservation. The processing, storage and transportation process must keep the products clean and hygienic, and ensure that the pollution-free green food requirements and national food hygiene standards are met. For processing beverages or pharmaceuticals, according to the requirements of the production process, the entire grass can be cut with a trowel or rooted, the dirt can be removed, and the impurities can be removed. After washing and drying, it can be stored for future use.
Houttuynia standardized cultivation techniques
Houttuynia, scientific name Houttuyniacordata Thunb. This is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with clearing away heat, detoxification, diuresis, swelling, and savory gasification. , Analgesic, cough, expelling wind, stomach and other effects. Houttuynia tender stems, young leaves or salad soup taste delicious, eat it regularly to prevent influenza, pneumonia, eczema and other diseases, is a combination of medicine and food health vegetables. With the increase of people’s health awareness, Houttuynia cordata has gradually been accepted and recognized as a pollution-free health vegetable, and it has been developed and processed into health drinks and foods such as Houttuynia cordata tea, wine, and soft drinks, and the market prospect is very promising. Yushu grassland is a wild plant. With the popularization of people's consumption, the demand has soared. The wild alone can no longer meet the demand. Therefore, artificial cultivation came into being. Lushan has a history of cultivation in recent years, and gradually improves the county's fishery. The standardized cultivation techniques of grasses will produce more health-care Houttuynia Cordata that meets the needs of the modern citizens and the market. The standardized cultivation techniques of Houttuynia cordata are specifically as follows: