The central task of solving canopy closure is to improve the light conditions in the canopy, and to solve the problem that the leaf layer is too thick to cause insufficient illumination of the branches inside the canopy, affecting flower bud differentiation and fruit quality. According to the analysis of the reasons for the canopy closure of different orchards , we start from the two aspects of thinning and tree transformation. When the planting density is less than 3-4 m × 5 m, it should be mainly thinning, but it is more difficult for the producers to accept thinning. Most of them are tree structure transformation, but this is usually poor for planting orchards. . Tree-shaped transformation principle: According to the growth potential of the rootstock combination, soil fertility, climatic characteristics, planting density and other factors, the light distribution can be adjusted from both vertical and horizontal directions.

The vertical transformation reduces the free spindle-shaped crown diameter and opens the rows to make the tree thinner and narrower. The specific method is to raise the trunk, cut off the base branch, pull down the main branch of the middle layer, occupy the position of the main branch of the original base, and then pull the upper main branch to the space of the original middle branch, further remove the upper dense branch and adjust Branch density, happy when necessary. In general, the amount of large branches is reduced and the crown is narrowed. This method is suitable for a tree with a small age, a large branch, and a tree that can droop the branches, which is unsuitable for the branches being too thick and inconvenient to pull branches.

The horizontal direction transformation changed the spindle shape into a happy shape, and the multi-main branches were changed into less main branches, and the multi-levels were changed into less layers, the trunks were raised, the heads were happy, the layers were opened, and the thickness of the total leaf layer was reduced. Specific steps are as follows:

The tree-shaped design and the backbone tree structure after transformation are arranged, the dry height is 1-1.5 meters, there are 5-7 main branches, which are arranged in 2-3 layers, and the lower main branches can cultivate side branches and large result branches. In order to make full use of the space, the main branch of the upper layer should not leave side branches, and its branching should be controlled to 1/2 of the main branch of the lower layer, forming a "convex" shaped canopy of small upper and lower, which can also be understood as a layer of semi-bone branches.

Be happy, lower the main branch of the tree height and cut off the branches at a height of 2.5-3 meters, and use a large branch with a moderate growth as the new central trunk to extend the branches to reduce the height of the trees. When the upper main branch is large, it can be in one step, otherwise it needs to be carried out step by step. The center is lightly retracted, and the branches that grow vigorously on the upper branches are removed, so that the growth potential is weakened, and the main branches of the new center are reserved, and then the heads are thickened and enlarged.

Raising the trunk to remove the backbone branches with lower birth position is mainly because these large branches are heavily overlapped, there is no room for growth, the light is insufficient, the quality of the fruit is reduced, and even the flower buds are formed and the results are few, and the economic value has been lost. The removal of these large branches generally does not affect the yield. On the contrary, it can free up the space for the growth of the middle branch, and it is also convenient for field management.

In the process of rebuilding large branches, the main branches to be selected should be determined first, and then the dense branches, overlapping, oversized and excessively large branches and result branches should be removed to solve the lower layer illumination. If each main branch has fewer branches, only a few main branches are left, and the amount of branches is too small. Some temporary branches should be reserved to supplement the space, and gradually grow up with the reserved main branches and then gradually remove them.

The cultivation of the drooping result changes the branch group to reduce the number of backbone branches, and it is necessary to increase the result of the branch group to supplement the space. The dry height is increased. The space left by the underlying backbone branches needs to be slowly placed on the upper backbone branches to form some back and side branches and gradually cultivated into large drooping result branches to supplement. With the transformation of the tree shape, the result branches The type of group should also have a corresponding change.