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The cold wave hits the vegetables and protects the cold
The cold wave in mid-December opened the prelude to severe cold, and the insulation of greenhouses has become the top priority for deep winter vegetable production. The author proposes that vegetable farmers should strengthen the protection of the root system of the plant in addition to the cold work in the greenhouse, and do well in roots to prevent cold. The root growth environment is soil, so how to increase the soil temperature is an important aspect to solve the slow root growth. Here are some of the successful experiences of vegetable farmers in root protection against cold. The soil temperature suitable for the growth of most vegetable roots is about 20°C~25°C. The soil temperature during the day is about 5°C~7°C lower than the air temperature, and the nighttime ground temperature is 3°C~5°C higher than the outside temperature. When the low temperature period in winter, the minimum temperature often occurs in the greenhouse 10 °C ~ 12 °C, the ground temperature is only about 13 °C ~ 15 °C, most of the time roots are growing in adverse environmental conditions, which is why many farmers reflect The main reason for the slow growth of plants in winter. Increased sunshine and increased temperature Wenchang City's Dajiazhuangzi Village of Shouguang City has planted cucumbers for many years. He explained that the roots of cucumbers are shallow, and one of the main reasons for the slow growth of cucumbers in winter is that the ground temperature cannot be raised. He has done an experiment. After the removal of the old leaves, the ground temperature after exposure to sunlight was 1°C~2°C higher than the daytime when the surface of the soil was covered. Do not underestimate this 1°C~2°C. During the low temperature period, it is obvious that the plants grow stronger. Fast, so Master Wang has been insisting on playing cucumber leaves for the winter to increase the light on the ground. Master Wang said that many people do not pay attention to this and believe that scattered light has little effect on the ground. This is not true. The measures for increasing the illumination of the ground are not single. For example, straw curtains should be exposed as early as possible, and the shed film should be frequently wiped to increase the light intensity of the shed. At the same time, attention should be paid to the adjustment of the plants in the greenhouse. The old leaves and the remaining leaves in the lower part should be eliminated as soon as possible. For plants that are too tight, the leaves should be thinned to increase the intensity of illumination. Raising the temperature of the shed and increasing the temperature of the ground It was mentioned that the temperature of the soil in the daytime is 5°C~7°C lower than the temperature in the greenhouse. During the daytime, the soil absorbs heat constantly, so it is properly increased under the condition of ensuring the normal growth of the plant. The daytime temperature in the shed is an extremely effective method for increasing soil temperature. Liu Yun, from North Mafan Village, Gucheng Street, Shouguang City, is very experienced in adjusting greenhouse temperature to increase soil temperature. Liu Yun said that he took his own tomatoes as an example. In winter, when tomatoes enter flowering and fruit setting, the temperature needed during the day From 28°C to 30°C, I try to raise the temperature of the shed to about 32°C. I keep the temperature for more than one hour before releasing the air. The main purpose of this is to make the soil absorb more heat. The greenhouse temperature is slightly higher in the short period of time and it has no effect on the normal growth of tomatoes. In the deep winter season, I will set up two membranes in the shed. This will increase the temperature of the soil on the basis of the increase in the greenhouse temperature. Laying coverings for soil insulation The vegetable growers have a lot of experience in laying coverings on the soil surface during the winter to increase the soil temperature. Recently, the author interviewed Sang Zi'an, a master of Yuejia Village, Wenjia Street, Shouguang City. Ms. Sang has experience in planting loofah. He told the author that his loofah yield is high because the temperature in winter is higher than that of someone's home. The method is very simple. It is to build a "shed in the shed" for the root system. Farmers who grow loofah all know to lay mulch on the loofah's watering line. However, Mulberry's mulching film is different from others'. Other people's pellies prop up about 20 to 30 centimeters in height. He is someone else. It was twice as high as 40 to 50 centimeters tall. Master Mang used the name “shed in the shed†for his method. This is equivalent to setting up a second membrane for the root system. After the mulch on the watering ditch is raised, when the vines fall, they must consciously place the vines on both sides of the mulch to increase the light of the watering ditch. After the watering, the temperature of the soil can be raised quickly and watering can be avoided. After the rapid temperature drop caused by the phenomenon of root defects, this method can also maintain a slow temperature drop in the film, effectively maintaining the ground temperature. In addition to Mulberry's experience, some methods are also very effective. For example, straw and straw are laid on the ground to facilitate soil insulation.