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Steaming
Roasting
Baking
Baking can be done using either a charcoal or an electric oven. It is preferred over roasting when it is important to preserve the shape and texture of the pre-processed tea, such as when making jasmine scented green tea.
Disadvantage: Does not smell as good as roasting.
Many Chinese green tea processing is half-roasted and half-baked, allowing the advantages of each method to be exploited.
While most tea today is machine-made, the best Chinese green tea is still entirely handroasted, allowing the roasters to finetune the tea making process to optimize the quality of the individual leaves.
苜蓿 Cultivation points
It is known as the "king of pastures" and has high yield and excellent quality of grass. The following is a brief introduction of the techniques of tillage cultivation and cultivation management. The earthworms are widely adaptable and can grow on various terrains and soils. However, the most suitable condition is soil soft sandy loam, PH value of 6.5-7.5, winter temperature -20 °C, the annual rainfall of 300mm-800mm, not suitable for planting in low-lying and easy-water areas. Mild saline land can be planted, but salt pressure should be taken when soil salinity exceeds 0.3%. Before sowing the seedlings, it is necessary to finely prepare the soil. The best preparation time in the summer is to deep-flip and deep-pitch once and turn the weeds into deep layers. Before the autumn sowing, if there are many weeds, we need to deep-dip once or spin one time, and then we must flatten. Cockroaches generally do not apply nitrogen fertilizer, but the effect of increasing production after applying phosphate fertilizer is obvious. Before sowing, organic fertilizer is applied in combination with soil preparation, 2m2-3m2/mu, and pure phosphorus 8kg-16kg/mu. Potash can also be given properly. In order to prevent the occurrence of weeds at the seedling stage, 48% trifluralin (1O0ml/mu) was sprayed into the soil before sowing, and the soil was applied into the soil of 5cm deep. The effective period was 3 months to 5 months. Cockroaches are perennial plants and can be used for 2 to 5 years after a sowing. At present, the best domestic varieties are Baoding wolfberry, Gannong No. 1 hybrid flower worm, and Xinjiang big leaf locust. There are relatively good foreign countries such as the Queen of the United States and Ansta. The introduction of foreign varieties has good uprightness and facilitates mechanized harvesting. The purity of seeds should be above 90%, the germination rate should be above 85%, and the purity should be above 98%. It is best to treat the seeds before sowing. According to the seed 500kg + coating material 15Okg + adhesive 1.5kg + water 75kg + ammonium molybdate 1.5kg formula, so that the seeds in the seedling stage from pests, weeds and other hazards. In the northern part of the country, the sowing date is August 10 to September 10. Too late to affect normal wintering. The majority of the area is drilled with a 30cm spacing. The sowing amount is generally about 1kg/mu, and less land is used for harvesting, and the saline-alkali land may be more appropriate. The optimum seeding depth is 0.5 cm-1 cm. Weeding should be done promptly after the seedling stage and during summer harvest. Choose herbicides carefully so as not to poison livestock. Watering before winter, after returning green, and during drought. Low-lying areas should pay attention to the rainy season drainage, flooding 24 hours will die. When pests and diseases are encountered, they should be controlled in time. Generally, they are sprayed with schizophyllin, dimethoate, and fenvalerate. Diseases occur, such as rust, brown spot, downy mildew, etc., and are treated with doxanthin, thiophanate and other agents. Harvesting usually begins at the beginning of flowering, that is, when the flowering reaches 1/l0, and the flowering period cannot be exceeded at the latest. You can harvest 3 to 4 times a year. The last harvest should not be too late. Generally, a 50-day growth period should be allowed after harvest. The height of stay is 5cm.
Green Tea Processing
Steaming, Roasting, Baking
Chinese and Japanese green tea processing uses 3 firing methods. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
Unlike Black Tea, green tea is made with minimal oxidation. A process - called firing - applies high heat to kill the leaf enzymes to stop oxidation on its track, which resulted in the high catechins content of green tea.
The three firing methods account for the infinite varieties of green tea that exist in China and Japan today. All three methods were originally developed by the Chinese, as it long history affords it time to experiment and innovate.
Steaming was widely used in Chinese green tea processing until the 16th century. It has regained popularity in recent years, especially for export to Japan.
Early Tribute teas were steamed. Japanese monk Kobo Daishi learnt this when he visited China in A.D. 804 and introduced tea drinking to Japan with the Chinese tea seeds he brought back. Today, the majority of Japanese green tea is steamed.
Advantages: Attractive "three greens": dried leaves, brewed liquor and brewed leaves.
Disadvantages: May smell grassy and taste bitter.
Today, roasting or pan-firing is the most popular firing method for Chinese Green Tea. Like stir-frying Chinese food, the traditional handicraft uses an iron wok on a hot stove.
It was preferred over steaming for 2 reasons: it is quicker to roast and it smells better.
Using several distinct hands movements, a skillful roaster is able to handroast leaves into many different shapes using their bare hands. It is an incredible art form.
The three broad categories are long-roasting (Mei Cha), round-roasting (Zhu Cha or gunpowder green tea) and flat-roasting (Longjing tea, Da Fang tea).
Both Meicha (Hyson) (and Zhucha (Gunpowder) use mature leaves for processing and were developed for export to the Western world.
Advantages: Rich nutty aroma. Stunning varieties of shapes.
Disadvantages: Yellowish green coloration. Very brittle. May be fragmented, burned.
Floral and fruity green tea is usually baked rather than roasted.
Advantages: Well preserved. White hairs intact. Better coloration.