1. Organic ecological soilless cultivation facilities 1. Cultivation trough cultivation is constructed with standard red brick of 24cm×12cm×5cm. The inner diameter of the trough is 48cm, the height is 15cm, the length depends on the shed, the north-south direction, the groove spacing is 60cm, and the bottom of the trough is covered with a 0.1mm thick polyethylene film. In order to prevent the spread of soil pests and diseases. 2. The organic matrix for cultivation substrate can be selected from mushroom residue, sawdust, corn stover, corn cob, sunflower stalk, distiller's grains, etc.; inorganic matrix includes river sand, slag, perlite and the like. After the organic substrate is fermented by high temperature, it needs to be mixed with the inorganic matrix in a certain ratio. If the ratio of organic matrix: inorganic matrix = 6:4 is used, the mixed matrix is ​​added with 10 kg of disinfected chicken manure + 1.5 kg of potassium sulfate + 1.5 kg of stabilized high 301 active fertilizer per m3, mixed and filled, and the substrate is filled. The tank is suitable. The substrate is sterilized after harvesting each crop, and the substrate is generally used for 3 to 5 years. 3. Irrigation facilities have tap water facilities or a 1.5m3 high reservoir on the ground, and each drip irrigation plant has 2 drip irrigation pipes or 1 drip irrigation belt. Second, the organic ecological soilless cultivation of seedlings 1. Variety selection Varieties are selected to be resistant to low temperature, low light, early maturity, disease resistance and high yield. 2, Yuji arranged for seedlings around December 10, planted in mid-January, and listed in large quantities in early April. 3, soaking seeds and germination, first select the good seeds with water for 2 to 3 hours, take out the shell to be dried slightly, then put in 40% formalin 100 times solution for 30 minutes, remove and rinse with water Soak it in water at 30 ° C for 12 to 16 hours. When the seed is cut open, there is no dry heart inside. The two cotyledons have been separated and can be germinated. The bag is wrapped with a wet towel and germinated at 30-35 °C. It is washed twice with 30 °C water every day, and can be germinated for 3 days. . Seeds can also be seeded by Wentang soaking method. The selected seeds are placed in hot water of 60 times C of 5 times the seed volume, and continuously stirred with a glass rod until the water temperature drops to about 30 °C, and the seed epidermis is washed. After immersing in water for 12 to 16 hours, germination is carried out at 30 to 35 °C. 4. Seeding and management using 50-hole tray for artificial soilless seedling, seed sowing depth 1.5cm, watering, placed at ambient temperature 28 ~ 30 °C conditions to raise seedlings (to ensure the quality of the seedlings, in places with poor facilities, generally used Electric hotbed seedlings). After emergence, the temperature is controlled at 25 °C during the daytime, and the night temperature is about 17 °C. When the seedling grows to 3 leaves and 1 heart, the foliar fertilizer is used. The foliar fertilizer is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and it is sprayed once every 7 days. Third, organic ecological soilless culture management 1. Planting seedlings 4 leaves and 1 heart began to colonize, the planting seedlings were selected from disease-free, uniform size, robust seedlings, using double-row misplaced planting, the distance between the plants was 70cm, the base of the plant was 10cm away from the same groove, and the substrate was slightly higher than the seedlings. lump. 2. Management after planting (1) Temperature and light management Winter melon is a warm vegetable, but the temperature requirements are different in different growth stages. The daytime temperature in the seedling stage is controlled at 23~27°C, and the night temperature is 15～18°C, which is conducive to promoting root growth and promoting female flowers. Early development. Sitting in the melon period, the temperature is 25 to 27 ° C during the day and 15 to 18 ° C at night, which is conducive to the promotion of fruit development. Winter melon is a short-day crop, but most of the varieties are not strict with the light requirements. Therefore, under the premise of selecting the appropriate cultivation density, the curtain should be exposed early and the membrane should be wiped off to maximize the illumination time. (2) Fertilizer and water management Winter melon watering and topdressing should follow the demand pattern of crop growth and development and weather conditions, and meet the water requirement of 1L per plant per day as much as possible. The result is 1.5L per plant per day. The top dressing starts 20 days after the planting, and then it is chased once every 10 days according to the growth of the plant and the need for fertilizer. Before flowering, according to each plant, 15g of organic ecological special fertilizer, 5g of potassium sulfate, and 25g of organic ecological special fertilizer per plant, 10g of potassium sulfate, stop topdressing 1 month before harvesting, and the fertilizer is evenly sprinkled on the matrix 5cm away from the root. Surface, combined with spraying foliar fertilizer to supplement micro-fertilizer, spray 2 times of giant energy calcium fertilizer in the melon expansion period. (3) Plant adjustment and pollination organic ecological cultivation Winter melon adopts single dry pruning, sitting on the main vine, cultivation according to the characteristics of winter melon varieties and reasonable retention of melon, starting from the second female flower, the concentrated position is in the 9-17 section Between 1 strain, 1 melon is left. Remove the side branches, old leaves and diseased leaves in time. (4) Pest control is mainly based on ecological control, supplemented by other prevention and control: 1 seedlings are carried out under good conditions without pests and diseases; 2 high temperature shacks before planting, completely eliminate indoor pest sources, set up pest control in air outlets and buffer rooms Net, indoor hanging yellow slats traps aphids; 3 planting pests and favorite crops between every few cultivation tanks to eliminate pests. (5) Harvesting at the right time is the guarantee for gaining benefits. Generally speaking, the appearance characteristics of the melon are used to judge the harvesting standard. The velvet hair on the green melon skin is gradually reduced and sparse, and the skin color is changed from greenish green to yellowish green or dark green. The white powder on the melon skin is the best harvesting period. In order to prolong the storage and transportation time, it must be harvested with a melon handle. 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