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Be wary of medicinal plant diseases and pests
The types of pests are complex, and the number of single- and multi-phasic pests is relatively high. There are thousands of medicinal plants, including herbs, vines, and woody plants. The growth age is one year, several years or even decades. Therefore, the pest species of Chinese herbal medicines are quite complex and numerous. As various medicinal plants contain complex chemical components, it is determined that certain special pests prefer these plants or tend to lay eggs on these plants. Therefore, there are relatively more mono- and polyphagous pests on medicinal plants, such as the fruit fly, hawthorn fruit moth and so on. They only eat one or more related medicinal plants. The relationship between authentic herbs and diseases and pests The main producing areas for the cultivation of medicinal plants in our country have been established, and new planting areas have been introduced and cultivated. Medicinal materials cultivated in the main producing areas are known as authentic herbs. As the local insect fauna determines the pest species of the authentic medicinal materials, due to the relatively large planting area in the main producing areas, long-term cultivation, and the accumulation of pathogenic insect sources, some diseases and insect pests are severe. For instance, Yellow is mainly produced in Henan, and the local area is a cotton production area. Therefore, the damage of red spider is very serious. The other new plant area is small, and the red spider is relatively light. Northern sand ginseng borer was severe in Shandong and was introduced to Hebei and other places. None of the worms was found to be harmful. Medicinal plants Drilling pests and underground pests Serious damage Medicinal plants Drilling pests and subterranean pests Many species, serious damage, and in particular, often harm medicinal sites (flowers, fruits, roots, stems, etc.), resulting in yield Direct threat. The underground parts such as roots, roots and bulbs of many important medicinal plants are both parts of medicinal plants that have accumulated nutrients and medicinal parts. These underground parts are extremely vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria and pests in the soil, resulting in deterioration of the quality of the medicinal materials and even death. Due to the complex etiology of underground diseases, prevention and control are very difficult, and the losses are heavy. It has always been a difficult point in plant diseases, and this problem is particularly prominent in medicinal plants. Almost all medicinal plants that are used as underground medicines have serious underground diseases, mainly fungal diseases, and bacteria and nematode diseases. Examples of outstanding production include ginseng rust and root rot, pedicel rot, Atractylodes root rot, aconite root disease, and root rot of Angelica. Asexual propagation material is an important source of disease infestation. Many important medicinal plants use vegetative propagation, such as Rehmannia, Fritillaria, Yuanhu and so on. Some of them are seedlings and seedlings that are used to expand plantings, such as ginseng and angelica. These seedlings are not only used in the main producing areas, but also often introduced into new production areas. Since these propagation materials are basically underground parts such as roots, roots, and bulbs of medicinal plants, they are often severely infested by diseases, so they are an important source of infection for diseases. When the peony roots are planted, root segments with root-knot nematodes are not removed, resulting in serious root-knot nematode disease.