When farmers formulate dairy cattle feed, due to factors such as professional technology, knowledge level, market conditions, etc., there are often some errors, mainly the following five. Mixed equipment purchase How to choose a mixing device depends on the size of the feeding. We can estimate each adult cow by approximately 10 to 15 kilograms a day. If only 3 to 5 heads are fed, you don't need to buy a mixing mixer, and you can use a shovel to mix and mix. The labor intensity is not too high. It also saves purchases. If you are feeding more than 20 heads, you have to buy a mixer, otherwise the labor is very large. In addition, raw material factors also have a great impact on the purchase of equipment. If 4% to 5% of premix or 1% of premix is ​​required, the mixing equipment must be fine and precise so as to achieve even mixing requirements. On the contrary, if 50% of cow concentrate is used, only additional Corn and wheat bran can be mixed into full-priced materials, and the fineness of the requirements for mixing equipment can be lower. The choice of raw materials Big raw materials mainly refer to raw materials such as corn, bran, and cakes, which are added in a large proportion of the full-price materials, and account for 95% of the total price. Corn requires regular and uniform kernels, yellow or white color, no fermentation, mildew, agglomerates and odors. Water content must not exceed 14%. If you use a new corn, adjust the formula accordingly and pay attention to mildew. Wheat bran, which is wheat bran, requires fine-grained, uniform color, no fermentation, mildew, agglomerate and odor. Water content must not exceed 13%. The cakes should be selected according to the quality requirements of the various types of cakes. In rural areas, bone meal is used to provide protein, so that the addition of cakes is reduced. However, the quality of bone meal is very unstable. Especially in the summer hot season, bone meal is easily degenerated due to improper storage and affects the quality of feed. At the same time, bone powder is very easy to carry pathogenic microorganisms, and the state has explicitly banned the use of animal-derived feeds during lactation. Therefore, raw materials such as bone meal and meat powder should not be used as much as possible. The choice of small raw materials Small raw materials mainly refer to the additive ratio of less than 5%, including premixes and additives, especially when self-dosing, do not use premixes made by professional manufacturers, but buy their own multi-dimensional, mineral elements, salt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, etc. Preparation, then it is more prone to problems. The imbalance of feed nutrition, the antagonism of trace elements, and the order of addition can all affect the results of feed formulation. Nowadays, there are many feed additives on the market, such as compound enzymes, daidzein, fat powder (passive rumen-protecting protein), lipid phospholipids, etc. Many of them are compounded with certain vitamins. The blind use of such additives can cause imbalances in nutrients. Poisoning can sometimes occur. There are also a number of products that promote milk spirits and milk (main components: bupropion, astragalus, saponin, angelica, codonopsis) and other products that can be used when not using full price materials, if these are added in full price materials It's not good. The choice of small raw materials is very important, although the proportion is small, but the role is great. It is best to trust well-known brands. The selected products should be produced by one manufacturer as much as possible, and it is best to use the feed formulation of the manufacturer. Formula design The scientificity of feed formulation directly affects the performance of dairy cows. What kind of formula is reasonable and scientific? We say that only the feed formula that meets the production needs of dairy cows and is suitable for farmers needs is good. This not only requires that the feed formula must be designed in accordance with the cow raising standards, to meet different nutritional needs at different stages of growth, but must also consider its economy and palatability. According to the local raw material situation, formulate suitable local formula. For example, in the north of Shanxi Province, farmers often plant flax, and their oil-dried pancakes (protein content 20%~26%) are used to feed dairy cows. Because the flax cake contains unknown factors, it has obvious effect on milk production. After experimentation, the effect of replacing cotton aphids or rapeseed meal by equal amounts was poor, and the local area was not suitable for planting cotton and rape, and the price of flax cake was relatively low. This requires that feed formulas must be designed to meet local factors and be inexpensive. In this way, we can give full play to the best milk production performance of dairy cows and create the greatest economic benefits. Storage of feed The prepared feed should be stored in a cool, dry place. It should not be put together with other odor-free products to avoid sunlight and pollution. The feed should be ready for use, preferably not more than 7 days. During high temperatures during the summer, the feed storage time is shorter, otherwise the potency of vitamins will be reduced. In short, in the preparation of dairy cattle feed, we must be careful, careful, in strict accordance with the standard to prepare, do a good job in three-hour management (selection, strict control, mixing is not long or short, coarse and fine when used with feeding), only in this way Give full play to the production efficiency of dairy cows. Shiitake is closely related to Ganoderma. 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