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When designing formulas, the relationship between feed nutrients and capacity must also be considered. It is necessary to ensure that the fish can take in enough nutrients and make them feel full. In general, the prices of protein feeds are higher than those of energy feeds. We must not try to increase the proportion of energy feeds and reduce the proportion of protein feeds. This will increase the cost of feeds.
The scientific choice of feed ingredients selection of raw materials should adhere to the principle of quality and cheap, stable supply and convenient transportation. Under the conditions permitting, the more kinds of raw materials, the better, so as to ensure the balance of essential amino acids in the feed as far as possible, and to meet the needs of fish for various essential amino acids. Must not use moldy material, moldy material contains a lot of bacteria and toxins, feeding these feeds can easily cause fish disease. Although raw materials such as cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal are cheap and have high protein content, because they contain anti-nutritional factors such as gossypol and glucosinolate, respectively, excessive use will affect the growth of fish. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the amount of raw materials, generally not More than 10%. Many farmers prefer to use cheap oil dregs and meat powder. This kind of raw material contains a large amount of animal skins, which affects the smooth progress of the crushing and granulation process. After the fish is eaten, it is not easily digested. The fats contained in the oil dregs and meat meal are saturated fats, which can be rancid over long storage times. The use of saturated fats by fish is low. Excessive intake of rancid fat can also cause fish diseases such as fatty liver. The amount of such raw materials should be controlled below 5%.
The scientific control of the processing technology The process flow of the self-mixed feed generally includes the processes of crushing, mixing, granulating, and the like, and the conditional place includes conditioning before the granulation. The coarse and fine crushed particles are not good. Generally, the raw material for fish feed should pass through a 40-mesh sieve, and the material above the 60-mesh sieve should not exceed 20%.
The quenching and tempering is a process in which the feed and the steam are stirred and mixed before the feed granulation, and the starch is gelatinized by the conditioning to improve the digestibility. After conditioning, the feed has good fluidity and is conducive to feed formation. The key to quenching and tempering is to control the quenched steam and requires the use of saturated steam. Generally, the required amount of steam is calculated according to the proportion of 5% of the material. In addition, the tempering temperature should be determined according to the composition of the feed. Because of the high protein content of the fish feed, the feed temperature must be above 85°C. The particle size of the pelleted feed should be determined by the width of the fish's crack, and the particle size of the feed should be less than 1/2 of the slit width.
Reasonable use of additives Feed additives are the generic term for substances added to feeds that promote digestion and absorption of nutrients, regulate body metabolism, ensure animal health, improve nutrient use efficiency, and improve animal production levels, thereby improving the quality of animal products. For vitamins and mineral additives, due to the large variety, low dosage, and high technical content of various vitamins and minerals, farmers have to buy their own vitamins and minerals from the poor matching effect. Reach balance between nutrients. We advise you to use the vitamins and minerals premixed by the regular manufacturers, and add them according to the species and growth stages of the farmed fish.
Aquaculture feed with feed considerations
Before designing a reasonable formula for feed formulation, it is necessary to clarify the species and stage of growth of the cultured fish in order to determine the level of nutrients such as protein and energy in the feed. It is necessary to meet the needs of fish for protein growth, but also to make the ratio of energy and protein moderate, high and low energy protein ratio is not conducive to fish growth.