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First, the cultivation of pro-Bao
From November to December, females with a significant growth rate were selected and weighed between 40 and 50/kg. They were placed in pro-Bob cultivation ponds for specialized breeding, and stocking densities were 10 to 11 per cage. Each group of 8 cages, each stocking a male abalone, has the effect of promoting female gonad development. Change the amount of water 5 to 6 times a day, and regularly sprinkling 10 grams of anti-virus medicine (3 parts of Sanhuang, 1.5 parts of Guanzhong, 2 parts of Isatidis, and 3.5 parts of other parts) and immerse for 4 hours. Parents to feed fresh Jiang Lei, Shi Jie, conditional tide every month, you can feed fresh kelp once, in order to ensure the nutrition of the pro-Bao comprehensive, thereby promoting the well-developed gonadal. After 4 to 5 months of intensive cultivation, the sexually mature pro-Bao can generally be selected at the end of April of the following year.
Identification of mature pro-Baud: female, full gonads, obvious separation of gonad and visceral mass, clear visible ovum, color purple or dark red. In males, the gonads and visceral masses are distinct and plump, with a milky white or yellowish milky color.
Second, nursery preparation before the spring nursery to prepare 30 days in advance nursery work, the fall nursery 15 days in advance to prepare.
1. Culture of benthic diatoms and ovoid-shaped algae: Put a thin film (1m 1m) of attached base material into a algae pool (6m in size, 3m in 1m in size), and then enter fresh filtered seawater. Immersion film tip is appropriate. Apply nitrogen:phosphorus:silicon:iron 10:1:1:0.1 and sprinkle EM bacteria 20 g/m3, cultivate in still water, and start running water on the 3rd day. There are generally oval-shaped algae and boat type on the attachment base for 10 to 15 days. Algae, Oriental Bay, Streptophyta, Ammonium and so on. 400 eggs can be used to filter ovoid and algae, and the algae is poured into the prepared algae pond for secondary purification and cultivation. Fertilization and EM bacteria are used. After 10 days, the ovoid or algae in the algae pool is The dominant population can now be expanded, re-cultivated or entered production.
2. Cultivation of algae in nursery pond The above-mentioned ovoid or algae was filtered through a 400-mesh sieve and inserted into a nursery pond (6m 3m 1m). Nitrogen:phosphorus:silicon:iron was applied at 5:0.5. : 0.5:0.1, after 3 to 5 days, algae color is visible on the edge of the attachment base, and oxytocin can be produced at this time.
Third, oxytocin and fertilization and cloth
1. Induction spawning 9 to 10 points from the pro-batch pool to select mature pro-Bao, regardless of the number of female abalone, male abalone 15 to 20 can be. The selected pro-Bao was first placed in a small concrete tank of 1.1-meter-one-meter-meter and soaked with 5 g/m3 povidone iodine for 1 hour to kill pathogenic bacteria that may be present on the pro-bodily surface. Then the pro-Bao was transferred to nursery pond (6m, 3m, 1m) for raising.
From 16 to 17 o'clock, start oxytocin production. Specific steps: the pro-abdominal dry 1 to 1.5 hours, male and female separate, into the urine production barrels, males first spawning 6 production, the rest of the temporary support, every 3 hours into a male abalone. At intervals of 2 hours, filtered seawater that has been previously sterilized with ultraviolet radiation (220 volts, 40 watts, 4 UV lamps irradiating 400 litres of seawater for 6 hours) was used until spawning, and natural seawater was filtered again. Usually at 22 to 23 o'clock in the evening, males produce sperm first. At about the same time, female abalones begin to lay eggs. If females do not lay eggs at this time, they can add a little semen to promote spawning. In addition, some production also uses strong light irradiation for oxytocin production. Specific steps: Place a 100-watt electric lamp 5 to 10 cm beside the spatula barrel. There is a strong light and warming stimulant effect. The oxytocin effect is better, but it should be noted that the irradiation time can not be too long, so as not to damage the pro-Bau. When the water temperature in the nursery is high in the fall, the temperature should be reduced.
2. Fertilization and brooding Before each fertilization, check the vigor of the sperm. When fertilized, do not add too much semen. Observe the polar body after 3 to 5 minutes. There are 4 to 5 spermatozoa around the fertilized egg. If it is too much, use a 300-mesh sieve to gently flush the semen; estimate fertilization. rate. When the fertilized egg develops to a 2-cell stage, the fertilized eggs are collected and the fertilized eggs are directly placed into the nursery pool, and the egg density is approximately 30,000 to 40,000 per square meter. When the water temperature is 23～24°C, tandem larvae can be hatched within 8 to 9 hours and enter planktonic stage. At night, the plankton is observed with a flashlight. It is advisable to estimate the density and the density from 30,000 to 35,000 per square meter. .
Fourth, the daily management of water temperature 23 ~ 24 °C, face plate larvae began to attach 4 to 5 days, metamorphosed into pupa larvae, feeding on benthic diatoms attached to the base - oval-shaped algae or boat-type algae, then change the water 10 cm , start running water, daily flow of water 1 to 1.5 times, light intensity is controlled at 700 to 1200 lux. Every morning, 7 to 8 points, 10 cm of water is replaced. After 15 to 20 days of cultivation, the rear visceral mass of the juvenile abalone is obvious, and the body color changes to pale pink or white and transparent, the growth rate is 0.05 to 0.07 mm/day, the shell length is 1.0 to 1.3 mm, and the shell length is 22 to 25 days. From 1.7 to 2.1 mm, the first breathing hole appeared. At this time, the growth rate of the juvenile abalone was 0.162 to 0.217 mm/day, which was obviously improved and the food intake was increased. The growth of the algae on the attachment base should be observed to ensure that there is no fresh spoilage. The benthic diatoms have insufficient algae and can be used to feed algae. Nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and iron are applied at a ratio of 3:0.5:0.5:0.1. If there are too many corrupt algae on the substrate, increase the amount of water to replace the algae. Algae discharge or inverted pool treatment. In order to prevent diseases, regular osmoticin 0.5 g/m3, white inflammation net 0.5 g/m3, povidone iodine 0.3 g/m3, and beneficial microorganisms such as bacillus, nitrobacteria, etc. may be regularly splashed. Water temperature 23 ~ 26 °C, after 35 days of incubation, the length of the young Bao shell 3.5 ~ 4.5 mm, then brush board, brush plate density control in 3000 ~ 3500 / cubic meters, into the middle of the cultivation.
V. Disease Prevention
1. Viral Pathogens: A kind of spherical virus, the main cause of the current failure of abalone breeding, may be due to pro-Braille virus transmission to offspring, when the conditions deteriorate, a large number of reproduction, causing the abalone to remove.
Symptoms: The juvenile abalone does not feed, the visceral mass shrinks, the abdominal foot shrinks, and the juvenile abalone whitens, resulting in a large area of ​​release in a short period of time.
Control methods: No treatment.
Prevention methods: 1 Strengthen the management of pro-Bao, and regularly sprinkling anti-virus medicines in the pro-Bai Chi, such as Sanhuang, Guanzhong and Banlangen. 2 During the nursery process, beneficial microorganisms are regularly spilled to suppress the reproduction of the virus.
2. The pathogen of vibriosis: Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus.
Symptoms: The juvenile abalone reduced or did not eat, the visceral mass gradually reduced, and weight loss occurred.
Control methods: 1 reduce the amount of water, 0.5 to 1 times can be. 2 With 20 g/m3 EM bacteria Quanchiposa. On the next day, povidone iodine 0.5 g/m3 or florfenicol 1.0 g/m3 was soaked for 4 hours every other day for 2 consecutive days.
3. Parasitic pathogens: Copepods and Cladocera, when heavily parasitized, compete with Young Babies and affect young Babo habitat.
Control methods: 1 Inlet with 200 mesh filter. 2 At night, light can be used at the outlet to induce it out of the pool. 3 If a large number of parasites occur, 1.0 g/m3 of crystal trichlorfon is splashed in the whole pool, and after 12 hours, a large amount of water is changed to discharge the dead body from the bottom of the tank.
Author: Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Product Specification
Thickening type, according to weight of feed filled each time.it can be divided into 2KG, 3KG, 4KG, 9KG, 1KG etc. We can also make customized size as per customer`s request.
Product Feature
1.Made of pure polyethylene and polypropylene.safe and no pollution.
2.Bucket and split bar are yellow, pan is red,The integrated design of bucket and split bar looks very nice.
3.Convenient to operate and move, easy to clean and disinfect.
4.Various size, we can also customize them according to customer`s requirements.
5.Produced by automatic high speed hollow plastic molding machine, High precision of grams.uniform thickness.
6.Hanged by hooks, lifted freely by labour.
The key points of artificial breeding technique
Since 2000, the "striking board disease" in the abalone breeding process has plagued employees and has become a bottleneck in curbing the development of the abalone breeding industry. At present, there are two kinds of cause of "striking board disease": First, the pro-banda virus is transmitted to the offspring. Second, benthic diatoms were infected with pathogens. The hatchlings developed symptoms after feeding, resulting in release. The author has written this article on the practice of abalone rearing in recent years and provides some references for practitioners.