Freeze Dried Red Goji Berry,Organic Goji Berries,Goji Berry Extract,Freeze Dried Fruit NINGXIA HONG RISING BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. , http://www.hongrisinggoji.com
Rabbit breeding
A. The feeding and management of empty rabbits The empty period of the female rabbit refers to the period of time that the puppies are weaned until they are mated again. It is also called the relaxation period. (1) Physiological characteristics of empty female rabbits: Empty female rabbits consume a lot of nutrients during breast-feeding and the body is relatively thin. Therefore, various nutrients are needed to compensate to improve their health. The leisure period is generally 10 to 15 days. If there is no relaxation period if the frequency of breeding is used, the pups will be bred before weaning and will enter the gestation period after weaning. (2) Breeding of empty female rabbits: The breeding of air-breeding female rabbits should be comprehensive, and in the rich season of green grass, as long as there are sufficient high-quality green feeds and a small amount of fine feed, the nutritional needs can be met. In the old season of green feed, it is necessary to supplement the juicy feed such as carrots, and it is also possible to supplement the feed properly. Empty female rabbits should maintain a proper fatness of 70% to 80% of their weight. Over-fat or too-lean female rabbits can affect estrus and breeding. The proportion of protein and carbohydrate content in the diet should be adjusted. Too thin female rabbits should be refined. The amount of material fed to quickly restore body fat; overweight female rabbits to reduce the amount of fine feed, increase exercise. (3) Management of empty female rabbits: The management of air-breathing female rabbits should be done in the air circulation in rabbit houses, rabbit cages and rabbit bodies should be kept clean and sanitary, and rabbits with long-term light should be replaced by well-lit cages. In order to promote the body's metabolism, the normal activities of the female rabbit's sexual function are maintained. For the long-term non-estrus female rabbits, heterosexual induction or artificial aphrodisiacs can be used. B. Feeding and management of pregnant female rabbits The pregnancy period of a female rabbit refers to the period from mating to delivery. The nutrients needed by the female rabbit during pregnancy, in addition to maintaining its own needs, also meet the needs of the embryo, breast development and uterine growth. Therefore, it takes a lot of nutrients. According to measurements, females weighing 3 kg, the total weight of the fetus and placenta up to 650 grams. Among them, dry matter was 16.5%, protein was 10.5%, fat was 4.5%, and inorganic salt was 2%. At 21 days of gestational age, the protein content of the fetus was 8.5%, 10.2% at 27 days and 12.6% at first birth. At the same time, the metabolic rate in pregnant females also increases with embryonic development. (1) Feeding pregnant female rabbits: Feeding pregnant female rabbits is mainly to supply female rabbits with full-priced nutrients. According to the growth and development of the fetus, different feeding levels can be adopted. However, if the pregnant female rabbit has too much nutrient supply, over-obesity of the female rabbit can also have an adverse effect, which is mainly manifested by the decrease in the number of fetuses and postpartum lactation. According to the experiment, the number of implantations of fertilized eggs was observed on the ninth day after mating. As a result, the embryonic mortality rate of German long-haired rabbits fed with high nutrient levels was 44%, while that of normal breeders was only 18%. Therefore, in general, pregnant female rabbits should be controlled at 150-180 g per day when they feed pelleted feeds freely; in the case of free-feeding basic feeds (green and coarse) and supplemented with mixed concentrates, daily Plus mixed concentrate should be controlled at 100 to 120 grams. The nutrients needed for pregnant female rabbits are most important with proteins, inorganic salts and vitamins. Proteins are important nutrients that make up the fetus, and calcium and phosphorus in inorganic salts are essential for fetal bone growth. If the amount of protein in the feed is insufficient, it will cause an increase in stillbirth, a decrease in the birth weight of pups, and a decrease in viability. The lack of inorganic salts will make the puppies lean and easy to die. Therefore, maintaining the appropriate nutrition level during the pregnancy period, especially during the late pregnancy, of female rabbits plays an important role in improving maternal health, increasing milk yield, and promoting the growth and development of fetuses and puppies. (2) Management of pregnant female rabbits: The management of pregnant female rabbits is mainly to do good care and prevent miscarriage. Female abortion usually occurs within 15 to 25 days after pregnancy. Causes of abortion can be divided into mechanical, nutritional and disease. Mechanical abortions are mostly caused by catching, scaring, improperly touching the tires, and squeezing. The majority of nutritional abortions are due to inadequate nutrition. Suddenly changing the feed, or due to moldy degeneration, frozen feed, etc. There are many diseases causing miscarriage, such as pasterellosis, salmonellosis, Treponema and genital diseases. In order to prevent abortion, the female rabbit should be 1 cage after pregnancy to prevent extrusion; do not catch it for no reason, touch the tire when the action should be light; feed should be clean, fresh; found diseased female rabbit should identify the reasons for timely treatment . Management of pregnant female rabbits also needs to do prenatal preparations. Generally, the litter box should be prepared 3 to 4 days before childbirth. After cleaning and disinfecting, a layer of rice straw should be placed on the bottom of the box to dry and soften the straw. The litter box should be placed in the cage 1 to 2 days before the childbirth to allow the female rabbit to pull the wool and nest. The delivery room should be staffed with special personnel, winter indoor cold insulation, summer summer mosquitoes. C. Feeding and nursing of female rabbits Female rabbits are called lactating during the period from the time of childbirth to weaning of the pups. The period during which the female rabbit is breast-feeding is the heaviest burden, and the quality of feeding and management has a great influence on the health of female rabbits and puppies. During lactation, the female rabbit can secrete milk 60 to 150 milliliters per day, and high-yield female rabbits can reach 200 to 300 milliliters. In addition to the lower lactose content of rabbit milk, protein and fat content is more than 3 times higher than that of cattle and goat milk, and inorganic salt is about 2 times higher. It was determined that the amount of postpartum lactation was gradually increased in the female rabbit, reached the peak of lactation at about 3 weeks postpartum, and then the amount of lactation decreased gradually. (1) Feeding of lactating female rabbits: Nursing female rabbits consume a large amount of nutrients every day in order to maintain life activity and produce milk, and these nutrients must be obtained from feed. Therefore, feeding and nursing female rabbits must be fed easily digestible and nutritious feeds to ensure adequate supply of protein, inorganic salts and vitamins. If the fed feed does not meet the nutritional needs of the nursing mother rabbit, a large amount of nutrients stored in the body will be used, thereby reducing the weight of the female rabbit, damaging the health of the female rabbit and affecting the milk production of the female rabbit. Feeds fed to lactating female rabbits must be clean and fresh. At the same time, some concentrated feeds and inorganic salt feeds, such as bean cakes, bran, bean dregs, and salt, bone meal, etc., should be properly added to ensure sufficient drinking water every day to meet the nursing mothers. Rabbits require moisture. The quality of feeding and nursing female rabbits can generally be identified based on the feces of the pups. If the litter box is kept clean and dry, there is very little urinary excretion in rabbits, and the pups eat very well, indicating that they are feeding well and are feeding normally. If there is too much urine, it means that the water content of the female rabbit's feed is too high; if the stool is too dry, it means that the female rabbit has insufficient drinking water. Feeding moldy feed can also cause diarrhea and indigestion. Some rabbit farms use mother rabbits and puppies separately to feed them. The method of regular breastfeeding is to remove the pups from the female rabbit cages and place them in appropriate places. When they are breast-feeding, the puppies will be sent back to the female rabbit cage. In the early stage of delivery, breastfeeding can be performed twice a day for 10 to 15 minutes, and once a day after 20 days, it can be fed once a day. The advantages of this feeding method are: to understand the lactation situation of the female rabbits, to reduce the freezing and thawing of the young rabbits, to control the estrus of the female rabbits, to achieve timely breeding, to prevent the mother from rushing to eat, to enhance the constitution of the female rabbit, and to reduce the infection of coccidiosis; Opportunity; Fostering independent living ability of pups. (2) Management of lactating female rabbits: The management of lactating female rabbits is mainly to keep the rabbit houses and rabbit cages clean and dry. Rabbit cages should be cleaned every day, and the feeding utensils and urine feces should be washed, and disinfection should be performed regularly. In addition, we must constantly check the female rabbit's nipples, breasts, to understand the lactating situation of the female rabbits, such as the discovery of a lump in the breast, nipple swelling, broken, and timely treatment. The breeding and management of male bred rabbits requires that the bred male rabbits be well-growth, robust in physique, and strong in libido. A. Nutrition and Feed Breeding levels of male rabbits will directly affect the quality of breeding and semen. Therefore, we must pay attention to the comprehensive and long-term nutrition, especially protein, inorganic salts, vitamins and other nutrients, which have an important role in ensuring the quantity and quality of semen. According to experiments, long-term feeding of low-protein diets can cause declines in semen quality and quantity. The essential amino acids for semen production include tryptophan, cystine, histidine, and arginine. Not only does the semen need to be made of protein, but also in sexual activity, hormones, secretions of various glands, and organs of the reproductive system require proteins to be repaired and nourished at any time. Practice has proved that, for male rabbits with poor semen quality, such as daily soaking of 20 soy beans or bean cake, silkworm pupa and leguminous broth in the forage legume, can significantly improve semen quality and conception rate. Vitamins and male rabbits are closely related to the breeding ability and semen quality. Green feed is rich in vitamins, so it is generally not lacking, but when there are few green and blue fodder in winter, or if you feed pellet feed all year round without feeding green feed, vitamin deficiency is prone to occur. In particular, the lack of vitamin A can cause fine tube epithelial degeneration in the testes of male rabbits, reduced sperm count, and increased number of abnormal sperms. If you can timely feed grass, leaves, carrots, barley malt or a variety of vitamins can be corrected. Inorganic salts also have a significant effect on the semen quality of male rabbits, and calcium, in particular, is also necessary for the manufacture of semen. If there is a lack of calcium in the diet, sperm development will be impaired and vitality will be reduced. When dietary concentrates are supplied, they are generally not deficient in phosphorus, but calcium supplements should be noted. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus should be 1:5 to 2:1. If you regularly supply 2 to 3% of bone meal, eggshell powder or shell powder in the concentrate, calcium and phosphorus deficiency will not be caused. In addition to the comprehensiveness of nutrition, attention should be paid to the long-term nutrition of breeding male rabbits. Because the development process of sperm cells takes a long time, it has been proved that the influence of feed changes on the quality of semen is very slow. It takes as long as 20 days for male rabbits with poor semen quality to use high-quality feed to improve semen quality. To be effective. Therefore, for a species of male rabbit that has been used for a period of time, the ration should be adjusted about 20 days before the breeding to meet the requirements of high nutritional value, comprehensive nutrition, and good palatability. B. Exercise and Management Male and female rabbits older than 3 months old should be kept separately to prevent premature allocation. Male rabbits who have not reached the mating age cannot be used for breeding, so as not to affect development and cause premature aging. Kinds of male rabbits should be 1 cage 1 rabbits, female rabbits should be placed in male rabbit cages when mating, and male rabbits should not be placed in female rabbit cages. The breeding times of male rabbits are generally 1 to 2 times a day, and should be rested for 1 day for 2 consecutive days. If used continuously, it will appear thin, and the quality of semen will decline, affecting the breeding effect and the service life. The male rabbits during the moulting period are not suitable for breeding, because during the moulting period, the consumption of nutrients is relatively high and the constitution is poor. If breeding, the health of the male rabbits will be affected, and the loss of appetite, excrement abnormality, and apathy will be found. The breeding should be stopped immediately. Prevention. To regularly check the genitals, if there is inflammation or other diseases, it should be treated promptly. Feeding and managing young rabbits Young rabbits are rabbits from the age of 3 months after birth to the breeding stage, also known as reserve rabbits. A. Physiological characteristics of young rabbits Young rabbits are characterized by rapid growth and development, mainly in the stage of long bones and muscles. They require more protein, inorganic salts and vitamins, and the resistance to digestion of roughage has gradually increased. Mature male and female rabbits have had libido and estrus performance. B. Young rabbits feeding young rabbits Due to their rapid growth and metabolism, they need to be fully supplied with protein, inorganic salts and vitamins. The feed should be dominated by green coarse material, and concentrate feed should be properly supplied. After 5 months of age, the amount of concentrate should be controlled to prevent over-fertilization and affect planting. C. Management of young rabbits In order to prevent young rabbits from having early mating and disorder, male and female rabbits must be kept separately from the age of 3 months. For young rabbits over 4 months of age, they will have good growth and development, and they will be healthy and disease-free. These rabbits will be suitable for the species required by the species of rabbits, and they are best kept in single cages. Male rabbits that are not used for breeding should be castrated in time and can be fed in clusters. How to choose the weaned rabbit to buy rabbits should be more than 30 days of age, it is best to choose young rabbits 45 days of age, less than 30 days of age of young rabbits survival rate is low. The purchase of the rabbit requires a lively spirit, shiny coat, eyes are God, no dirt in the ear, no mucus in the nostrils, no salivation in the corners of the mouth, involuntary abdomen, strong limbs, no lumps, peeling, and anus There was no fecal contamination in the hind limbs. If you choose to buy seedlings, you should choose more female rabbits, select large and strong male rabbits, while avoiding close relatives. Newly-purchased little rabbits left the female rabbits to breastfeed, and the environment and nutrition suddenly changed. In the first few days, the individual rabbits experienced loss of appetite, uneasy expression, and strong sensitivity. At this time, the rabbits should be reared in quiet, airy and transparent cages to prevent abnormal noises and other livestock disturbances. Feeding should be carried out as far as possible according to the original feed formulation and feeding habits. With 7 days to 10 days gradually changed into self-made feed, drinking water can be formulated with 5% sugar, 0.3% salt solution or 0.2% electrolytic water cubes added to reduce the symptoms of stress. The young puppies sold on the market are generally in the transitional stages of eating and weaning. They have weak digestive function, are bulimia, and are prone to digestive diseases. In addition, rabbits stomatitis, coccidiosis, pasteurellosis, E. coli enteritis, etc. are easy to occur alternately or mixed during this period, the mortality rate is high, should do the following: (1) should master less The principles of feeding and adding Tim to achieve regular, quantitative, set standards, generally two times a day feed material, three times the green material, interval feeding, while providing enough clean drinking water. (2) Planned drug prevention of rabbit populations. The addition of furazolidone to feed can reduce the incidence of E. coli disease, salmonellosis, and coccidiosis. Using olaquindox powder mix or drinking water can not only promote the growth and development of rabbits, but also prevent pasterellosis.