Prevention and cure of two radish diseases

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Radish virus disease is one of the major diseases of summer and autumn radish, and it often occurs.
Symptoms identify the heart and veins to show that the veins, and gradually form a mosaic mottled. The leaves are shrunken, deformed, and the diseased leaves of the diseased plants appear to be blister-shaped, and the radish grows slowly and is of inferior quality. Another symptom is the appearance of many round dark spots with a diameter of 2-4 mm on the leaves, with black streaks on the stems and pedicels. Sometimes mixed with the former.
The cause of the disease is caused by turnip mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus. Radish earbud mosaic virus occurs in some areas. The three viruses can rub the sap and poison them. Turnip mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus are spread mainly in the field by winged crickets. Radish and Doppler mosaic virus are transmitted from Yellow Stripe.
Onset of disease Autumn radish sowing too early, seedling weather is dry, less watering, high ground temperature, and the occurrence of large amounts of winged lice, both onset of weight.
Control methods 1 There are obvious differences in disease resistance among the varieties. Generally, the green skin system is more resistant to diseases, and disease-resistant varieties should be selected according to the requirements of cultivars and markets. 2 autumn radish, drought should not be sowed in early years. 3 sorghum live, watering more at the seedling stage to reduce the temperature. 4 appropriate late seedlings, leave the selection of disease-free strains. 5 Interplanting with field crops significantly reduces disease. 6 seedling control locusts and Chennai jump. 7 At the beginning of the disease, spray 20% of virus A WP 500 times, or 1.5% of phytopathogenic Ling emulsion 1000 times, spray once every 7-10 days, and continuously prevent and treat 2-3 times.
Radish black rot Radish black rot commonly known as black heart, rotten heart, is a common national disease. Radish roots turn black inside and lose their commerciality. The disease also harms many kinds of cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage and blues.
Symptoms identify damage to leaves and roots. Onset of the leaves, yellow spots occur at many leaf margins, and the "V" shape develops inwards. The veins become darker and reticular. The entire leaf turns yellow and dry. The germs develop along the veins and vascular bundles toward the shortened stems and roots, and finally the leaves of the whole plant turn yellow and die. The roots of radish are infested, and dark friends can be seen through sunlight. Cross-sectionally, the vascular bundles turn to black and brown lines, and those who are severely dry are shrinking. A closer look at vascular effusion pus can be distinguished from the physiological darkening caused by boron deficiency. The cause of the disease is caused by Xanthomonas campestris, which is the same as cabbage black rot.
Incidence occurs mainly in the fall. The average temperature is between 15°C and 21°C. It is prone to onset with long periods of rain and condensation. Cruciferous plants are heavy, low-lying, poorly drained, planted early, and the incidence of insect pests is heavy.
Prevention methods 1 Avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous vegetables. 2 selection of disease-resistant varieties. 3 Use seeds with a seed weight of 0.4% of 50% thiram to wetseed the seeds, mix and sow. 4 Early prevention and control of yellow striped jumps, aphids and other pests. 5 At the beginning of the disease, spray 48% Garethon WP 800 times, or 50% kill 500 times fluid, 14% ammonia bath 300 times, 72% Streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 4000 times liquid. Spray once every 7-10 days and spray 2-3 times.

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