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Application method and effect of amino acid fertilizer
At present, trace elements have the effect of increasing production and income of crops and have been confirmed by the agricultural science and technology circles. However, the absorption of trace elements by plants is also affected by the antagonism between trace elements and the p H value of the soil. In order to ensure the bumpy harvest of crops, the utilization of trace elements has received increasing attention in recent years. One of the ways to solve this problem is to choose the right chelating agent to chelate the trace elements so as to maximize the crop Its absorption rate. Studies have found that the complex amino acids in chelating agents are the best and the lowest price. It not only has moderate stability constant, but is not affected by soil pH and other ions and can be directly absorbed by crops. Amino acid micro-fertilizers are used in crops and have significant effects in increasing yield, improving quality, reducing pesticide residues, and protecting the ecological environment. In addition, due to the continuous improvement of the production process of amino acid micronutrient fertilizers, the sources of raw materials are wide (mainly hair, cotton, etc.), and the production costs are getting lower and lower, thus providing a guarantee for cheap acquisition of amino acid chelates. Therefore, amino acid micronutrients have played an increasingly important role in agricultural production and have played an increasingly important role. First, the scope of application of amino acid fertilizer application of a wide range, from food crops (rice, wheat, corn) to oil crops (rapeseed, soybeans, peanuts), and economic crops (cotton, tea, tobacco, mulberry), fruits ( Apples, pears, oranges, lychee, longan, peach, plum, apricot, grape), vegetables (cucumber, greens, lentils), etc., have almost all kinds of promoting effects on all crops. Second, the use of methods and application of the effect of amino acid trace fertilizer on crops to improve production, improve quality, reduce pesticide residues and other effects, has been confirmed by more and more domestic and foreign research institutes. However, the use of different methods for different crops, the effect is not the same. There are three methods of spraying, seed dressing, and base application. Spraying with 300-600 times liquid is better, and seed dressing is better with 1%. Compared with the yield increase effect, spraying is better than seed dressing and base application. Cereals are sprayed at the jointing stage, cotton, peanuts, and soybeans are sprayed at the initial flowering stage, and fruit crops are sprayed at the young fruit stage. The dilution rate is about 50 kg per 667 square meters, and the increase rate can reach 10%--50%; The yield increase effect of the species is generally 5% - 10%; and the base plant can reach 10% - 15%. Introduce how to use and apply effects on several major crops. 1. After application of amino acid micronutrients in wheat, it not only had a certain influence on the vegetative growth of wheat, but also increased the chlorophyll content of the leaves, enhanced the photosynthetic capacity, accelerated the grain filling rate, and increased the grain weight and yield. Experiments show that the combination of seed dressing and foliar spray will be better, followed by foliar spray, and seed dressing alone will have less impact on yield. 2. The cabbage seedling transplanting seedlings were transplanted 1 day before transplanting, 7 days after transplanting and 14 days after transplanting, respectively spraying with different concentrations of amino acid liquid fertilizer, which can increase the plant height, increase the weight of the single vegetable, and increase the growth period. shorten. 3. After the tea tree was sprayed with amino acid micro-fertilizer, it can increase the photosynthesis of tea plants, increase the activity of enzymes in tea plants, increase the growth of new shoots, increase the shoot growth, maintain tenderness, increase the density of bud heads, increase the weight of shoots, and increase the yield. At the same time, the application of amino acid micro-fertilizer can promote the growth rate of tea trees and reach the standard of famous tea picking in advance, so as to advance the picking period of famous tea. The spraying time was sprayed once during the dormant period of the tea tree, and sprayed again 26 days before the picking. Spraying should be carried out on a cloudy or sunny afternoon, and both sides of the leaf surface should be wetted. 4. Greenhouse vegetables According to the greenhouse tomato, cucumber, pepper, leeks and other vegetables test, every 667 square meters of amino acid compound micro-fertilizer 300 - 400 times liquid 50kg, sprayed once every 10d after the vegetable Dingmiao, even spray three times, Various types of vegetables produced 19%--35.1% more than the control, and the quality improved. In addition, it can also prevent and treat some fungal diseases such as downy mildew, epidemic disease, and wilt disease. After spraying amino acid compound microelement fertilizer, it can increase the synthesis of anthocyanin, chlorophyll and other substances in plants, activate plant function, promote plant photosynthesis, in addition can enhance plant nitrogen fixation, and strengthen vegetative growth to increase yield. If seed dressing is carried out, root development can also be promoted to enhance the cold and drought resistance of plants. 5. The peanut amino acid fertilizer had a good promoting effect on shoot growth and root vitality, and the number of pods and the number of full fruit also increased significantly. The suitable amount for spraying is 80 mL/667 m 2 per time, spraying once at the seedling stage, initial flowering stage and podning stage, and spraying 250 μg/g paclobutrazol 1 time after 20 d at the beginning of flowering, which can increase peanut production by 31.1. -34.8kg/667 square meters, an increase of 12.89% -13.5%. 6. Watermelon sprayed 300 times amino acid compound liquid fertilizer in watermelon extension period, flowering fruit setting stage and squashing stage respectively, which can increase the yield of watermelon by 444.6kg/667 square meters, increase by 15.8%; increase the percentage of soluble solids by 11%. , 11.3% higher than the control. 7. Applying amino acid compound fertilizer on fruit trees of apple trees can increase the weight of y-leaves by 21- to 31.5 g, and the yield per 667 square meters increases by 21.6%--30.8%. At the same time, it can significantly improve the quality of apples, which can increase the hardness by 0.02--1.22kg/cm2, increase the sugar content by 0.6%--0.84%, and increase the anthocyanin content. Amino acid compound fertilizer sprayed on the apple tree mass concentration of 500 - 700 times liquid. 8. Applying amino acid compound fertilizer on cotton can make cotton seedlings grow vigorously and yields increase. Cotton seedlings were sprayed for the first time in the period of 5--6 leaf stage (about 15 days after transplanting), and sprayed the second time from Shenglei to the first flowering period, and sprayed the third time during the flowering period. Spraying mass concentration and dosage: 50--75kg/667 square meters for the first time, 150kg/667 square meters for the second and third time, and the second injection of 1-1.5g/667 square meters of dildoamine. Under the premise of not producing fertilizer, spraying concentration can be properly increased, but it is still suitable for 300:1, and it can be reduced to 500:1 in high temperature period or in greenhouse. 9. Soybean amino acid micro-fertilizer seed dressing and spraying can significantly promote the early maturity of soybean, increase crop yield, and increase the resilience of soybean. Due to the high strength of seed dressing, it can be used in conjunction with seed coating agents. Spraying method can not only increase soybean yield, increase resistance, but also promote its early maturation. The effect is very good. Zhang Guiyun, Zhang Liping, Liu Zhen (Cotton Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 044000)