Peach tree winter pruning is to construct the tree structure, that is, the problem of plastic surgery. As soon as possible to cultivate a good tree structure to ensure high yield and stable production. The second problem is the configuration of branches. The third is the update of the result. The fourth is to regulate tree vigor so that the main branches and branches of the entire tree maintain balance, stability, and robustness. Fifth, regulate lighting. Cleared densely squeezed fruit branches, weak branches, leggy branches, etc., retracted too far branches, and opened the light between lines and between plants. The sixth is to cut off the wounded branches and worm branches.

Second, distinguish the different breeds

The saplings of the northern cultivars and the early fruiting period have strong tree vigor. The apical dominance is obvious, and the tree pose is not easy to open. Most of the fruits are top-notch, single-flower buds are numerous, pollen is small, and the fruit setting rate is low. When pruning, these varieties should pay attention to opening angles, inhibiting the apical dominance, mitigating the tree vigor, and promoting a large number of short and medium branches. The saplings can be put more slowly, with fewer cuts. After the results, three sets of trimming methods, such as gentle, cut, and updated, are used to ensure the stability of the resulting parts. The tree species of the southern variety is easy to open and the long fruit branches can also produce a large number of results. The top of the fruit is relatively flat, with multiple flower buds, more pollen, and a higher fruit setting rate. When these varieties are pruned, they can be cut more, heavy, reduce the amount of flowers, and promote fruit. Attention should be paid to the use of the two-branch renewal method to stabilize the result sites and prevent premature overgrowth of tree vigor and the consequences of outward shift of the resulting site.

Third, distinguish the strength of the tree vigor

The saplings or the early fruiting trees have a strong tree vigor. They should be slow-released, and appropriate thinning should be adopted. The method of heavy retraction should not be adopted. The result should also be combined with gentle cutting and cutting. The branches with fewer flower buds can be put slowly. When the tree vigor is weak, the degree of shortness of the resulting branch can be appropriately increased, and the resulting fruit can be properly discarded, and care should be taken to keep the leaves and shoots at the cutting point, and also to pay attention to raising the angle of the branch.

Fourth, pay attention to the position and direction of the main branch of the young tree.

One is to note that the direction of the main branch cannot be flushed with the work path to prevent it from affecting the work after the forming and affect the lighting between the rows. The second is the arrangement position of the main branch on the main trunk. It is better to use the lower two main branches adjacent to each other. The upper third main branch is in the high position and the next two main branches are adjacent.

Fifth, pay attention to the cultivation and updating of sticks

The height of trunk should be about 50 cm. The branch group is the independent result location. If the branches and branches are arranged in a rational and balanced manner, the yield is high and the yield is stable. Otherwise, the result will be the result that the result site is shifted outwards, the internal result site is bald, and the yield is drastically reduced. The cultivar group starts from saplings. The method for cultivating large-scale fruit shoots is to select the annual branch on the main branch at the appropriate position, with 5 to 7 knots retained, and then continue to shorten the length to form about 10 result branches, which will be maintained afterwards. The resulting site, that is, the culture is completed. The 7 to 8 fruiting branches in the Chinese Zhizhi group and the branchlets in the Chinese Twig group contained 5 or less fruiting branches. The large, medium and small branch groups can be transformed into each other. When the large branch group has no space, it can be transformed into the Zhongzhi group, and the Zhongzhi group can also be transformed into the small branch group. According to the needs of space, the Zhongzhi group can also be transformed into a large branch group. In the year of the transformation, the entire branch group should reduce the amount of fruit leaving, and the branch fruit should be completely removed to make new branches occur. The distance between the large branches in the same direction should be kept between 40 and 60 cm, the distance between the middle branches should be maintained between 30 and 40 centimeters, and the distance between the branchlets should be kept between 20 and 30 centimeters. When weak branches or even dead branches appear within the weak branch, care should be taken to select a robust annual branch near the trunk (or at the main axis), and to retain 5 to 7 knots, so as not to produce a new branch.

Sixth, the result of the update of the branch

The result is that the branch is the smallest unit to maintain yield, and the result is whether the branch is stable or not, which directly relates to the entire output. There are three main methods to update the shoots: one is the update of the two branches, that is, one branch of the result of the winter shear is 15 to 20 centimeters long, resulting in the result, and the other branch of the lower part of the branch has 2 to 3 buds, leaving no result. Make it hair. After the fruit is harvested, the branches that bear fruit are removed from the base and are repeatedly carried out so that the resulting site remains basically unchanged. The second is the single branch update method. Flower buds with high node positions, fine and weak branches with good results can be lightly cut for the long branches of the result, that is, after the end result is sagging, the base draws new shoots, the fruit grows after the harvest season, and it retracts at the new shoots, making new shoots in the coming year. Become a result stick. The flower buds are full and full of long and medium fruiting branches. They can also leave 2 to 8 sections of short cuts, making them both fruitful and sticky. They are also called single branch updating methods. The third is the three sets of branch renewal method. Some fruit set rates are low. Northern cultivars with short fruit branch results can use this method, namely, one long stay, one repeat, and one slow release.

Seventh, the problem of close planting

First, at the beginning of the construction of a trunk-shaped tree, it should be put more slowly and promote the tree potential to be stable. Generally, fruit branches will not be cut short, and dense trees may be thinly divided or extremely short and heavy. After entering the full fruit period, fruit tree branches should be meticulously updated and pruned, so that the result of rotation, single branch regeneration, both branches update and three branches update should be used to maintain the stability of the results site. The second is to pay attention to the control of the top edge of the branch, appropriate retraction and fixation. The third is to prevent a strong phenomenon. The treatment is to stay strong and open the angle.

Eight, not trim late-maturing varieties

The late-maturing varieties are suitable for close-growing cultivation. They can be trunk-shaped. The height of the trunk should be 60-80 cm, and the height of trees can be kept to 2.5-3 meters. Pruning should be more gentle, more put, after the occurrence of short fruit branches, it turns to set fruit. The results of the branches issued on the trunk are generally not sparse, you can leave 1 ~ 2 buds truncated, leaving for the use of new branches, pruning time is generally after the spring soil thawing, before germination.

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