Cultivation Techniques of Several Common Sprouts
Sprouts are edible for young organs of plants. The quality of sprouts is tender, the taste is good, and the flavor is unique. It has rich nutritional value and therapeutic effects. In the process of cultivation, the seeds are less polluted, the growth rate is fast, and the environmental conditions are easily regulated. Moreover, the growth cycle is short, and both the production efficiency and the economic benefit are high. First, the radish sprout growth technology. Radish shoots are buds or seedlings that are formed by the germination of seeds. The seedling cotyledon is hypertrophic and has a delicious taste. Its production techniques are as follows. 1, environmental conditions. The radish buds are warm and moist, they are not tolerant to drought and high temperature, and their light requirements are not strict. The optimum temperature for growth is 20-25°C. Routine soil culture should choose neutral sand loam or loam rich in organic matter, loose texture, good drainage, and deep soil layer; soilless cultivation should pay attention to 0.2% compound fertilizer every 2-3 days. 2, species selection. In theory, all radish varieties can be cultivated radish buds, but in order to ensure rapid growth, young shoots and fertilizers should be the best selection of green radish seeds. Care should be taken to screen suitable varieties of high, medium and low temperatures for the production of different seasons and different facilities. 3, sowing. Seeds selected, soaked for 4-8 hours before sowing to promote germination. The poundings are required to be crushed and flattened. The bottom water shall be soaked first, then sowed, sowing 80-120 grams per square meter, covering 1-1.5 centimeters of finely ground or fine sand after sowing, covering a layer of mats or newspapers. Evenly water the water to prevent the water from overturning the seedlings. 4, cultivation and management. The northern open land can be planted from April to October, and from November to March the following year, it must be cultivated in protective measures such as sunlight greenhouses and improved Yangshuo. In open field cultivation, shady rain-proof equipment must be provided, and it should not be moved to the sun until three days before harvest, promoting greening of its cotyledons, erecting hypocotyls, and whitening the color to improve quality. Can also be sowed after sowing, a cover soil 10 cm or graded cover soil, so that young shoots shade softening, harvested after unearthing, yellow buds better quality, watering spray in the form of the best, not easy to red seedlings, but also Maintaining high air humidity is conducive to the growth of young shoots. 5, harvest. It takes 4-7 days for cotyledon radish sprouts; it usually takes 10-17 days from sowing to two true leaves; if the roots are white and tender, normal growth can also be postponed for 2-3 days. It is best to harvest in the early evening or in the early morning. When harvesting, the hand should be picked up and uprooted to clean the sand grains from the roots. Second, pea sprouts (seedlings) production technology. Speed ​​pea shoots, seedlings and young shoots can be collectively referred to as pea seedlings, which are rich in nutrients, soft and inexpensive, and are one of the widely eaten sprouts. 1, species selection. In the north, other types of wrinkle-free seeds are generally selected. 2, bed preparation. Choose sandy soil with less humus and light soil as cultivation bed, requiring loose and fine soil and flat bed surface. The bed is 1.2-1.5 meters wide and 20 centimeters deep. The length can be large or small. Greenhouses and Yangshuo cultivation can be cultivated using gaps and corners. 3, cultivation and management. Before planting, the foot water should be poured first and then sowed. It is advisable to use 2.5-3 kilograms of rice per square meter. Spread the bean dough over the bed and do not overlap each other. After sowing, it is produced with bean sprouts, covering the soil 2-3 times with a thickness of 15-18 cm so that the tips of the leaves do not appear on the soil surface and the pea sprouts are softened. Before harvesting, stop covering the soil so that the tip of the seedlings shows 1-2 leaflets with green surface. 4, harvest. Conventional cultivation 10-15 days after sowing harvest, beans per kilogram can produce 3.5-5 kilograms of soybean seedlings; greenhouse promote cultivation, can be cultivated in about 10 days. Third, the production of camphor buds. The camphor buds are served with tender buds and young leaves. It has a unique rich flavor, crisp and sweet, nutritious, and is a top grade vegetable. 1, environmental conditions. The optimum temperature for bud production is 15-25°C. In winter and early spring, greenhouses should be selected for production; in the late autumn, Yangshuo and plastic greenhouses can be cultivated; when the outside temperature is higher than 18°C, the production can be exposed. However, care should be taken to avoid shading and direct sunlight to prevent degradation. Second, the appropriate air humidity should be adjusted. The buds have a short growing period. The water holding capacity in the matrix can basically meet the water requirement of the sprouts during the whole growth period, and does not require special water supply. After the buds grow out of the substrate, they need to be sprayed regularly to increase the humidity in order to keep them fresh. The sprayed droplets should be atomized to prevent impact on the sprouts and cause water accumulation in the seedlings. 2, production methods. It is recommended to use a three-dimensional matrix tray. The cultivation frame can be made of angle iron, steel, bamboo and wood materials. The height of about 1.6 meters is appropriate to facilitate the operation. Each layer is set up in 5 layers with a spacing of 30-40 cm. The light plastic tray should be selected. The length is generally 60 cm. , 25 cm wide and 5 cm high; the matrix is ​​best made of perlite, and can also be used in combination with peat soil and washed sand after high temperature sterilization. 3. Breeding techniques (1) Germination: The seeds of the new citron were harvested in the same year to remove impurities and seeds. With 55 °C warm water soaking, soak for 12 hours, remove, rinse, Lek to the seed surface moisture, set aside a constant temperature at 23 °C germination. After 2-3 days, the seeds can be sown up to 1-2 mm. (2) Seeding: Wash the seedling tray clean, the bottom layer of a layer of white paper, flat on the white sheet of a layer of about 2.5 cm thick wet perlite (perlite and water volume ratio of 2:1). The seeds of pods with good buds were uniformly sowed on the substrate. The seeding rate was 240 g/m2, covered with perlite of about 1.5 cm in thickness, and water was sprayed. The amount of water was 1/2 of the volume of perlite. Perlite can also be sprayed directly and covered. (3) Spray management: After 5 days of sowing, the germs stick out of the substrate. After 10 days, the hypocotyls of the toona sinensis seeds are as long as 8-9 cm, roughly 1 mm thick, and about 6 cm long. During this period should be sprayed regularly to maintain the relative humidity of the air is always around 80%. (4) timely harvesting: seed bud hypocotyls up to 10 cm, not yet lignified, cotyledons have been fully flattened best, this time is 12-15 days after sowing, the buds will be rooted when harvested, washed clean .