Soybeans with "deep, narrow and dense" cultivation yield high yields

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To achieve high yields of soybeans, it is mainly necessary to solve the four problems of “species, water, fertilizer, and light”. "Deep and narrow dense" cultivation technology is based on this principle and formed a comprehensive high-yield technology supporting cultivation mode. It is based on the selection of dwarf varieties as breakthroughs, air-suction seeders and general-purpose machines as carriers, combined with “deep” (ie, deep loose, deep fertilization, and layered fertilization), “narrow” (ie, narrow row), and “dense”. “Comprehensive high-yielding technology, which increases planting density, is a cultivation technique that uses large planters as a carrier. "Species" means varieties, that is, to select varieties with super-high yield potential, and at the same time understand the external conditions required by the varieties to achieve high yields. "Water," ie, water, is the water supply for the growth of soybeans. Under dry conditions (without irrigation), water is mainly regulated through two aspects: first, improving soil conditions, increasing soil storage through tillage techniques such as deep-sown techniques, and second, adopting some conservation techniques, such as reducing the number of machinery entering the field. Less tillage technology. "Fertilizer" is based on the characteristics of soybean need fertilizer and cultivation, reasonably determine the amount of fertilizer, fertilization time, fertilization methods. The maximum absorption period of soybean for nutrition is the flowering stage, so it is necessary to solve the problem of fertilizer requirement during the flowering stage of soybean, and the production can be solved by deep fertilization and the addition of foliar fertilizer. "Light" is the use of light energy. According to calculations, the utilization rate of light energy for soybean 225 kg per mu is only 0.85%. If it can be increased to 3%, the soybean output can be increased to 794 kg/mu. The level of utilization of light energy in production is mainly reflected in the population density. The population density can be increased and the light energy utilization rate can be increased by narrowing the row spacing and expanding the plant spacing. The main techniques of the "deep and narrow" cultivation mode of soybean include: (1) Select suitable dwarf and semi-dwarf resistant lodging varieties, and the ripening period of the selected varieties should not be too early; (2) Soil tillage layer should have The foundation for deep and loose farming requires good tillage conditions with deep tillage layer, smooth surface, and fine soil. (3) The optimum planting density can be determined according to species, soil, row spacing, etc., generally 30,000-3.3 Millions per mu, the fertility of the higher land plots can be reduced by about 10%, and the fertility of poor plots should be increased by about 10%; (4) Rational fertilization, first of all to increase farmyard manure, fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer, Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are scientifically collocated, and farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer should be applied in deep and layered manners, and foliar fertilizer should be sprayed at the same time during the later period of fertility. In addition, better planting conditions can be used mechanical transmission (30-35 cm spacing) or double precision (15-15. 5 cm average spacing), and low-lying areas are suitable for wide (large ridges). "Deep and narrow dense" cultivation mode.