Boll bean broad bean cultivation techniques
The bovine eye broad bean is a giant broad bean introduced from Russia in the mid 90s of the 20th century. It is a new variety of broad bean used in fresh vegetables, which is selected and purified locally. It is suitable for winter agricultural cultivation in the vast area of ​​the Yangtze River. According to Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Sichuan provinces, they performed well in many trials. They generally produce 850-1000 kilograms of 667 square meters (1 mu) of fresh glutinous rice and 450 kilograms of fresh beans. During the harvest period from late April to early May, the economic income is about 1,500 yuan per 667 square meters. The main characteristics of the variety are: long and wide pods, large fresh beans, 50 grams of fresh pod weight, 3 to 4 capsules per pod, and fresh beans with a length of 3.3 to 3.5 cm and a width of 2.8 to 3.0 cm. 100-500 grams of fresh beans weigh 450 to 500 grams, fresh pods can be stored at room temperature for 4 to 5 days. Plants growing vigorously, strong branching, plant height 70 ~ 85 cm, color pink, occasional pale purple, low initial spasm, resistant to lodging, less pests and diseases, ripening, good quality, fresh beans Cooked food is thin and soft, with fine texture and good taste. Twilight green, green and white, 1 to 2 times larger than the local beans. When planting, the ditch is required to be drained, the soil is dry and the upper layer is deep. Seeds 100-grain weight 180 grams, growth period 190 days. Cultivation points: 1. The best sowing time for timely planting in the Yangtze River Valley is October 15-20, and Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian should be planted in early November. Seeding is too early, the plants are large before winter, and the seedlings are vulnerable to freezing damage and aphids; the sowing is too late, the temperature is low, the seedlings are slow, the growth is weak, the flowers are late in the next year, mature late, the old age is not easy to decay, and the beans become smaller. Low Yield. 2. There are generally two modes of planting and planting. (1) Interplanting: Former crops are cotton, corn or other crops. On both sides of the clod, according to the spacing of 25 cm on-demand, 2500 per 667m2 Dingmiao; after the harvest, the ditch, the entire ditch clean soil, weeding topdressing, 667 square meters of complex fertilizer 25 kilograms of base fertilizer, should not be too much. Seeding method to take a shallow dig, single seeding, after sowing cover loose soil 1 to 2 cm, 667 square meters with a species of 6 kg. In the spring of the second year, spring crops can be cultivated in the middle of the clods. This type of cultivation does not affect the cultivation of front and rear loquat crops, and has no wind and light transmission, good growth, and high yield per plant. It is less laborious than a single planter, saves time, Fertilizer, bean size, good commercial quality. (2) Single planting: This method is suitable for one-season rice or other fields where there is free space before and after the planting. Generally, soil blocks should be prepared before October 15, and 667 square meters (1 acre) of 50 kg of compound fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer. Digging holes, sowing seeds, 3500 per 667m2, 10 kg. 3. Water management sowing water after sowing to keep the soil moist and ensure that the seedlings are neat and tidy. Before the Spring Festival, 667 tons of urea topdressed with 5 kg of urea to promote strong seedlings and nodule formation. Urea 8 to 10 kilograms per 667 square meters at the beginning of flowering stage can increase the rate of maggots and large grain rate. Seedling or flowering lack of water or stagnant water, easy to cause roots, root nodule growth, a large number of fall off calyx, serious diseases, so timely irrigation and drainage to keep the soil dry and moist. 4. Perennial soil This variety grows vigorously and has many branches. Generally, when the height of the plant reaches 25 centimeters in late February, the stem is cut off from the main stem, leaving 5 to 7 branches per plant, combined with cultivating the soil, and effectively contributing to soil pressure. , to expand branches, increase the permeability between the strains, inhibit growth, prevent lodging; timely flowering peak to promote the concentration of nutrients to calyx, so that the loquat full, mature consistent. 5. Prevention and control of pests in time to control aphids to prevent the spread of viral diseases, with Bordeaux mixture, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl and other control of red spot, rust and so on. 6. Timely Harvest When the pods are full, the beans are substantial, the grain color is light green, and the umbilicus has not yet turned black for the best harvest period. Fresh soybean pods that need long-distance transportation should be picked when the moisture content of the pods is relatively low in the afternoon. Avoid heaping pressure at high temperatures, transport should be used to box full bloom.