Early deciduous pepper disease is caused by diseases such as anthracnose, leaf spot, scab, and physiological diseases. The general rainy season often occurs, resulting in a 15% to 30% reduction in production, and the quality is deteriorated and the benefits are reduced. The first cause is the high temperature and high humidity weather conducive to the occurrence and development of the disease; the second is the high temperature season encountered storms or even rain easily lead to major events, resulting in early defoliation; third is the field water, planting density is too large, closed field of pepper fields , resulting in air impermeability, early defoliation; fourth, premature degeneration of plant defertilization, weak growth, is conducive to the occurrence of early defoliation; five is a continuous cropping of pepper, the former remains of diseased plant residues, increased wintering bacteria source, early Fallen leaves. Prevention methods should be based on agricultural control, supplemented by chemical control. Prevention measures are: 1. Balanced fertilization. Balance nutrition supply, prevent leggy and premature senility, and increase plant resistance. The balanced fertilization of pepper should be applied to the base fertilizer, spraying strong seedling fertilizer, top dressing fruit fertilizer, and sprayed fruit fertilizer. Based on basal fertilizers, it is best to use special patent fertilizers for the disease-resistant, high-yielding peppers of the “Zhouzhou†brand, and apply enough high-quality organic fertilizer or 25 kg of Saizhong 28 fertilizer. In the case of fertilizers that are not suitable for seedlings, spray ASUS 828 foliar fertilizer or Kimchi pepper vitality hormone to strengthen the roots and strengthen disease resistance. Into the flowering fruit set period, the amount of fertilizer needs to increase, fertilizer should be timely, generally topdressing urea 10 ~ 15 kg per mu, potassium sulfate 5 ~ 8 kg, zinc fertilizer 2 ~ 3 kg. In the fruit expansion stage, 0.3%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 1% urea solution were sprayed on the leaves. 2. Reasonable irrigation and drainage. Through reasonable irrigation and drainage, the temperature and humidity of pepper fields can be adjusted to reduce the occurrence of diseases. High temperature and high humidity are important conditions for the occurrence of early defoliation. Reasonable regulation of field temperature and humidity is an important measure to control defoliation. During the flowering period of the pepper, it is necessary to change the conditions of the soil moisture in case of drought, timely watering, watering, promote the pouring of small water, put an end to flood irrigation, to see wet see dry. In areas with high groundwater levels, high-riding cultivation should be carried out. In case of heavy rain or continuous rain, timely drainage should be conducted to prevent accumulation of water in the fields. After the rain, cultivators should be ploughed in time to reduce the humidity in the field and reduce the incidence rate. 3. Scientific management. Improve the growing environment in the field and reduce the incidence. Firstly, after harvesting the peppers, the diseased plant residues should be cleaned up, the litters should be removed, burned and concentrated, and the source of field bacteria should be reduced. Second, the plant should be densely planted to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the pepper fields and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The third is the control of nitrogenous fertilizers. The dosage prevents pepper plants from becoming long and reduces the incidence. Fourth, timely cultivating and weeding to improve soil physical and chemical properties, promote root growth, increase absorption and ensure plant growth and robustness; Fifthly, when the density of pepper plants is too high and the plant grows vigorously, it can promptly spray Yaxing pepper dwarfs and promote peppers. Steady growth and increase disease resistance. 4. Chemical control. Spray the fungicide before or at the beginning of the disease. A 1:1:200 copper preparation can be used for spray prevention before onset. At the beginning of the disease, Qingyuan brand “Luosheng†(80% Mancozeb) 800 times solution or “Aluminum carbendazim†800 times solution + ASUS 828 or Jinsui Pepper Active Energize evenly. Spray once every 7-10 days, even spray 2 or 3 times, can control the condition.
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