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Spring Potato Watermelon Pepper Three-year-old High-efficient Cultivation
In order to speed up the pace of peasants' prosperity to the well-to-do level, in 2001, the Agricultural Bureau of Shanting District of Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, and the Agricultural Bureau of Shanting District jointly practiced the potato-watermelon-chili peppers at the three-year-long teaching and practice base at the district's Agricultural and Broadcasting School. The model of intercropping with high yield and high efficiency was studied. After 3 years of experiment and practice, the pattern of optimizing high-yield cultivation techniques for spring potato intercropping with watermelon and pepper was optimized. At present, the whole region has promoted 200 hectares and the average production value of 667 square meters is more than 8,000 yuan. This model is suitable for promotion in Huanghuai Plain. 1. Soil preparation and application of 667 square meters of fertilizer at the end of the autumn season will apply 3 to 4 cubic meters of high-quality composted soil miscellaneous fertilizer, deep plowing again, and the soil will be matured in winter. During site preparation, 667 square meters of potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer 80 kg, 25 kg of potassium sulfate, fine soil preparation. A 210 cm 1 belt is used, with a 90 cm wide flat back and 60 cm small flat back, with a horizontal width of 30 cm and a depth of 10 cm. 2. Planting time and mode 2.1 The potato was planted in a field with 210 cm in 1 zone. In early February, 2 lines of potato after germination were planted on a flat back. Taiping back potato spacing 70 cm, spacing 20 cm; Xiao Ping back potato spacing 40 cm, spacing 30 cm. Triangulate colonization, planting about 4500 plants per 667 square meters, and covering the mulch. 2.2 Watermelon The seeds of watermelons that will germinate at the end of April to early May are broadcast live in the middle of two rows of potatoes in Dapingbei. They are planted in open fields with a spacing of 210 cm, a spacing of 40 cm, and about 800 sown at 667 m2. 2.3 Chilli peppers were planted on the open ground at the end of April. After the harvest, the potatoes were leveled. After the watermelons began to sit (late June), 2 rows of peppers were transplanted between 2 rows of watermelons. The row spacing was 60 cm and the spacing was 40 cm. About 2400 square meters planted, each planting two points. 3. Cultivation points 3.1 Potato cultivation techniques 3.1.1 Selection of germination. The use of high-yield, stable production, strong resistance to disease, potato chips, good palatability good early-maturing varieties "Kexin 4" or "Lu Yin 1" and so on. The rot and diseased seed potatoes are removed when selecting the seed. The selected seed potatoes were cut in the beginning of January, mixed with ash, dried, and then used to germinate in vegetable greenhouses or covered with a small cover film to be sown. 3.1.2 sowing film. At the beginning of February, 2 rows of potatoes were planted on the backs of Daping and Xiaoping. When planting, two 5-6cm deep planting trenches were planted on flat backs, followed by watering along the ditch. After the water infiltrated, they were pressed in a large back trench by 20 cm. Put 30 cm of planting potatoes in a small back ditch, and then combine the ditch and rake. After sowing, 667 square meters with 72% Dole 100 ml water 50 kg sprayed on the surface of the ridge, and then covered with film insulation moisturizing antifreeze, when covering the film flattened and ridge back close, with both sides buried with soil pressure firmly. 3.1.3 Field Management. When the potato emerges, it cuts the mulch and pulls out the seedlings. The break should not be too large; then the roots should be wetted and the membrane holes sealed. Seedling time to timely weeding, early April 667 square meters chase 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, budding period depending on the situation of 667 square meters of seedlings and about 800 kg of manure. Remove flower buds before flowering to reduce nutrient consumption; 667 square meters of Wangchangtian is sprayed with Vitalin No. 4 and has good control to promote the next action; At the same time, it is good for drought relief, disease prevention and pest management, etc. to ensure robustness. Grow. Potatoes are harvested in early June. 3.2 Watermelon Cultivation Techniques Most varieties (Jin Guan Long) watermelon or Hei Mi No. 5 seedless watermelon are selected. At the end of April or early May, sowing seeds of watermelon seeds after sowing, sowing 90% dipterex per hole prior to sowing diluted about 20 milliliters about 20 milliliters of control of underground pests; in early June with potassium sulphate ternary compound fertilizer 25 kg top dressing 1 times. During the growth of watermelon, in order to prevent disease, the root can be sprayed, sprayed or coated with stems, and 70% thiophanate-methyl can be added 10 times water to irrigate the roots, or 60% quick keratin can be added 1500 times and 4000 times of agricultural streptomycin can be sprayed. . The watermelons were harvested after maturity. 3.3 Pepper cultivation techniques 3.3.1 seedling selection. Chili peppers are selected from varieties such as Sujiao No. 5, Xianglao No. 3, or Yujiao No. 4. In the second half of April, germination was conducted in the open field; in the late May, the seedlings were inoculated once. On May 18th and June 6th, we sprayed A600 twice times virus to prevent virus disease. 3.3.2 fine soil sowing. After the potato was harvested, the field residual film was removed, the trench was pushed flat, watered once, and transplanted with buds in late June. 3.3.3 Field Management. On July 5, about 667 square meters of acupuncture Sanyuan compound fertilizer 20 kg, 15 kg of urea. For aphids and whiteflies can be used to control 50% of the new Miao fog 2000 times spray; for borers with microbial pesticides "HD-1" 1000 times spraying, the control effect of more than 90%. The fungal diseases are treated with carbendazim and thiram; the bacterial diseases are treated with a 1:200 Bordeaux mixture; the viral diseases can be prevented and treated with phytopathogenic spirits, bactericidal agents, etc., and sprayed once every 10 days for 3 to 4 consecutive times. The effect is excellent.