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The first choice of tree species in the dry land of the mountain - American Almond
American Amygdalus is a plant belonging to the genus Alpinia Rose, which is an excellent woody oil tree species and afforestation tree species. It is one of the most economically important dried fruit tree species. Its products are pollution-free foods, and it has broad market prospects at home and abroad, and has huge business opportunities. . The edible part of almonds is the nucleolus. It is called the American Almond in the country. It is a highly nutritious food, rich in protein (28%) fat (47-61%), vitamins and minerals, and sweet and crunchy. Processed into salt, fried nuts, flavored nuts and cakes, candies, canned goods. Almond kernels are also high-grade oils. Almond oil is a high-grade health food oil. Its physical and chemical properties are good, and its long-term storage is not easy to degenerate. It is easily digested and absorbed after eating. Almond is an important health care product. It has eyesight, brain, stomach and digestive functions, and it is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as tracheitis and pneumonia. It is also used to prevent various diseases such as coronary heart disease and cancer. It is still the most suitable emollient oil, massage oil and suntan lotion. Almond oil is also used as an additive in the perfumery industry, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, and is widely used as an industrial rust preventive oil. The output and trade volume of almonds in the United States ranks first among the six largest dried fruits in the world (in order are walnuts, cashews, hazelnuts, chestnuts, and pistachio nuts). In 1997, the world's total output of almonds was 1.298 million tons. The United States’ production and export of almonds ranks first in the world’s almond production countries. In 1997, it was 515,000 tons, and by 2002 it had increased to 980,000 tons, of which exports accounted for 60%, and exported to more than 100 countries and regions. The annual output of almonds in our country is only 450 tons. To meet the urban and rural market demand, it is imported from the United States a lot. The official statistics of imports are 6,000 tons, and the actual annual import volume is more than 10,000 tons. Nowadays, regardless of big shopping malls, supermarkets, or ordinary food stores, American almonds are everywhere, and more and more Chinese people have appreciated its unique flavor and value. After China entered the WTO, the United States, as the world's largest producer and exporter of almonds, began to launch a new round of power in the Chinese market, investing 7 million US dollars in advertising public relations each year, and vigorously attacking the Chinese market. The United States almonds do not require strict soil requirements. They can grow on black soil, gravel soil, clay, light sandy soil and loam soil. The most suitable are soils with deep fertile and well-drained loam and sandy loam soils. The vegetative growth period requires an effective accumulated temperature of about 3500 °C, mainly distributed in the range of 30-45 degrees north latitude, with hi light bogey yin, material resistance to drought, special resistance to barrenness, strong disease resistance, deep rooted leaves, fast-growing crown, drought fruit Drought, excellent quality and other characteristics. The roots of almonds are well developed and have a phytosanitary structure. They can also grow in areas where the annual rainfall is only 39-58mm. The best rainfall is 400-450mm/year. Cold resistance is also strong, dormancy can withstand -27 °C low temperature. It can withstand high temperatures and grows well in temperatures ranging from 36-40.5°C. In the United States, 150-300 kilograms of nuts are produced in the United States, and 200 kilograms of peanuts are produced in the highest amount in the country (recorded in the experimental park of Liquan County, Shaanxi Province). Weighing and contrasting, the American almond has three advantages over the mountain apricot: one is that the flowering period is later than the mountain apricot, which can avoid or reduce the late frost frost damage; second, the shell is as thin as the paper, and the kernel rate and oil yield are 50% higher than that of the mountain apricot; The third is the best-selling countries in the world, and there is a shortage of domestic markets. The selling price is 1-2 times higher than that of the mountain apricot. American almond is not only an excellent dried fruit tree species, but also an ideal successor species for rot apple orchard tree species, or an economically beneficial soil and water conservation and landscaping tree species. It is a breakthrough for mountainous forestry to achieve leapfrog development. The development of American almonds in accordance with local conditions will be The arid northwest and north China water and soil conservation, the comprehensive management of small watersheds, and the construction of ecological agriculture have major benefits and are also an important way for farmers to become rich. American almond was listed in the national "948" introduction project in 1996 and successively introduced in Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, and Shandong provinces. It is predicted that in the next 10 years, China's almond industry will focus on product quality, take the production mode of variety, standardization, and large-scale production as well as the operation mode of scientific variety, service specialization, and sales internationalization, and enter the fast lane of development. Du Liandi (former deputy county governor), manager of the Rare and Fine Breeding Demonstration Center of the Science Association of Qinhuangdao City Address: Xiangshuigou Village, Qinglong Town, Qinglong County, Hebei Province, China Postcode: 066500 Telephone: 0335-7866392 Fax: 0335-7862474