Winter planting melon "May 1" listed
The black-skin gourd sown in the off-season during the period of “Xiaohan†to “big-cold†can be harvested before and after the “May 1st†festival. The price is high and the economic benefit is considerable. After years of practice, the author explored a set of black-melon melon high-yielding cultivation techniques. Now it is described as follows: I. Sowing period. Seed sowing during the period between Osamu and the Great Cold (January 5th to 20th), and no later than the beginning of the spring (ie before February 6th). Second, the election site preparation. The plots with convenient drainage and irrigation and fertile soil were selected and chopped at intervals of 1.9 meters. Third, apply base fertilizer. Per acre applied to compost 1000-1500 kilograms of pig manure, to apply as a good method, the method is to open the ditch on both sides of the entire good mantle, the pig dung applied to the back of the ditch, the seeds broadcast in the above. Fourth, heat germination. Soak the melon seeds in warm water of 40°C for 4 hours, then use potassium permanganate solution (using pale red as the standard) to disinfect for 30 minutes, then remove the seeds, wrap them in a clean white cloth, and put them into the wash. Steel heat preservation and germination. The steel skill pot holds 2.5 kilograms of water. The wooden frame is placed in the pot and the seeds are placed on the wooden frame. Keep the pot temperature around 35 °C, the maximum must not exceed 40 °C, can not be less than 30 °C, after 36-48 hours of heat, the seeds began to show germination can be sown. Fifth, sowing. Double rows sowing; required spacing 85-90 cm, seeding about 900 litters per acre, sowing 3 seeds per seed, after the melon seedlings grow to 2 leaves per seedlings in the second leaf stage, leaving 5 seedlings per seedling colonization. Note that seeds can not be sowed directly on the pig manure, 10 cm away from the pig manure is appropriate, so as not to burn the seeds of pig manure fermentation, affecting the germination rate. Six, film insulation. After sowing black melon melons, immediately cover the film with a 1.85-meter-long bamboo strip inserted into a curved shape. The film is covered with mud on both sides to prevent the wind from blowing. If the intra-membrane temperature is higher than 30 °C during the day, open the vent to dissipate heat and close the film at night to keep warm until the end of March or early April to fully uncover the film, fertilize the soil, and pull the seedlings into the shelves. Seventh, weeding, weeding and fertilizing earth. Black melon melon seedlings must be weeded when they reach the three-leaf stage, but herbicides should not be used to prevent melon seedlings from dying. After exposing the membrane, 500-750 kg of composted pig manure per mu, 25-35 kg of peanut bran, 25 kg of compound fertilizer, 10 kg of potassium chloride, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and soil after fertilization. VIII. Black melon melon after fertilization, rapid growth, found that the lateral buds should be immediately removed, so as to avoid consumption of nutrients, this time to insert a good herringbone bamboo frame or wooden frame; to do a seedling a fence, loose seedlings vine spread seedlings fence. Melon seedlings on the fence 30 centimeters high, after applying fertilizer on both sides of the mantle, apply 10 kg of compound fertilizer per acre, 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of peanut bran, cover the earth and pour water to facilitate the dissolution of fertilizer, to facilitate nutrient absorption of melon seedlings . Nine, pollination nurses. The black-season gourd which is planted in the off-season is suitable for the nodes 18-22 in the nodes, that is, the third and the fourth female flowers are the largest. The rest of the female flowers bear a small melon and should be removed. Artificial pollination must be performed at 7-8 am in the morning. After the pollination, the small melon started to droop and bent, and the melon head and side buds of the melon seedlings were removed from the small melons to the fifteenth leaf position (commonly called topping), and the toppings were unfavorable for development of the melons too early or too late. When the small melon grows to 0.2-0.5 kilograms weight, it must apply water and fertilizer 1 times, and apply 10-15 kilograms of urea per acre, add water and then apply it. When the melon grows to 2-3 kilograms, it stabilizes the guati on the fence to prevent it from falling off. At this point can not be applied urea, so as not to cause loss of rotten melon. X. Pest control. The main diseases are blight, blight, diseases, downy mildew and so on. At the beginning of the disease, they were treated with agents such as qingshuling, copper masters, mancozeb, and chlorothalonil. Insect pests mainly include thrips, cabbage caterpillars, leaf miners and yellow squash. Hummer can be used to control a large hero, the cabbage caterpillar fungus with farmland and other agents to kill, leaf miner can be used to kill moth Po. The principle of insect repellent is to kill insects once a week, and whether or not insect pests are to be sprayed and controlled; to prevent the main insecticides, fungicides can also be mixed and used. XI. Harvesting. After 30 to 35 days after pollination, melon melons can be harvested when the melon shape grows to about 90%. China Agricultural Network Editor