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Apple dregs making silage technology
According to the survey, most of the fresh apple pomace in the fruit processing factory is being dumped as rubbish, except for a small portion of the apple pomace that has been processed and used. In order to make full use of fresh apple pomace, in recent years, we have conducted trials and research on the production of silage by apple pomace. We have achieved good results and opened up new feed resources. Now its technology is introduced as follows: The choice of apple dregs The selection of apple dregs must be conducted strictly according to the conditions of silage raw materials, which is the key to the success or failure of silage. The general requirements of apple dregs are: 1 fresh and juicy, it is best to use fresh fruit pomace produced by the fruit processing factory within 1 to 2 days. 2 fruit residue requirements no pollution, no mildew. Any color that is contaminated with harmful substances such as pesticides, chemical fertilizers, etc., becomes black-brown or gray-white and stinks and deteriorates. 3 Pomace mixed with dirt, tiles, plastic film and other impurities must be cleaned before being used. 2. The initial treatment of apple pomace The content of fresh apple pomace is generally more than 80%, which is higher than the suitable moisture content of silage raw materials, which is 60%-70%. Therefore, it cannot be filled directly and the moisture content needs to be reduced. Commonly used methods: 1 rely on self-weight or increase the weight of the squeeze, so that part of the water in the fruit residue loss. 2 Add appropriate dry material to the fresh pomace to reduce the moisture content. The dried wild grass can be divided into 1 cm to 3 cm long sections, and the amount can be calculated by adding 15 kg to 20 kg of dry material per 100 kg of fruit residue, and appropriate amount of wheat bran can also be added to improve the nutrition of the fruit residue. Value, reduce moisture content. 3. Before filling the apple pomace raw material, a layer of quick lime is laid on the bottom of the pit and a layer of mat grass is laid on the ash. The treated apple dregs are then layered layer by layer, and each layer is 20 cm to 30 cm long. Do not fill and re-step, so as not to affect the quality of silage, and the false density of feed is not small, the weight of the filling is less, the use of silage is not sufficient (generally 500 kg to 600 kg per cubic meter of material). When filling, the loading time should be shortened as much as possible. It is best to finish the loading within 3 days to 5 days in order to facilitate the production of high-quality silage. When the raw materials are loaded to about 1 meter above the cellar, the filling is stopped and the burial is carried out. 4. When burying and sealing a cellar, it is required to be airtight and impermeable, and dirt and other impurities cannot be mixed in the material. Therefore, first cover a layer of plastic film on the raw material, then apply 15 cm to 20 cm thick wet wheat straw or wet straw, and then press 30 cm to 50 cm thick soil on the grass. The soil surface should be compacted and leveled, and the pit roof should be raised to form a bow shape to facilitate drainage. 5. Manage the silo to prevent the inflow of rainwater and air in order to avoid rot. After burial, ditches should be dug around the silo for drainage. Always check the settlement of the sinkhole. If there is a crack in the pit, you should seal it with soil in time. The apple pomace is silaged after 35 days to 40 days of closed fermentation. 6. Quality Requirement High-quality apple pomace silage should have acid and aroma, green or yellowish green, close texture and distinct layers, and can be fed to livestock such as cattle and sheep.