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Green manure cultivation and animal husbandry technology
Green manure is a kind of plant growing in winter. According to laboratory tests, the crude protein content of green manure hay powder is 20.4%, which is a good feed for livestock. Its root minister is rich in root nodule seedlings and has the dual effects of fertility and soil improvement. According to calculations, planting an acre of green manure can save 40 kilograms of urea, while the yield per mu can increase 50 kilograms. Through the conversion of livestock and other livestock, each manure of green manure can produce economic benefits of 1,000 to 1300 yuan, which is a good way for farmers in poverty-stricken areas to get rid of poverty and become rich. It is also an important choice for rural industrial restructuring. How can we grow good green manure and how to use green manure to raise livestock? Now we will summarize the practical experience of Shuitang Village of Babu Town in Zhijin County for many years to use for reference by farmers. First, the best time for planting dry sowing in the lunar calendar before and after the beginning of autumn. The dry fields selected for paddy fields should be sowed 15 days before rice is harvested (ie when the millet throws seeds); dry land sowing should be broadcast when the soil is moist before and after raining. The amount of seed per acre of 5 to 6 kg (wheat seed intercropping with 3 to 4 kg per mu). Using too little seed will affect the yield of green manure. It is best to use alfalfa varieties with high grass yield. two. Management of corn or flue-cured tobacco after sowing of green manure When harvesting corn and flue-cured tobacco, left corn and flue-cured tobacco planting piles at 50 cm, remove weeds from the ground, and take care not to trample the animals. In the first year of the first-stage green manure in the middle and lower fields, when the green manure grows about 4 to 5 centimeters long on the ground, a small amount of fertilizer is applied, and generally about 5 kilograms of urea is recovered per acre. Third, the green manure grown in middle and top grades will be grown to a length of more than 60 cm in the ancient calendar winter lunar green manure. It will cover the ground and start harvesting when the first crop is harvested. It will receive 1,500 kilograms of fresh grass per acre. When harvesting, do not shovel it out flat. Leave 3 to 5 cm of stem for growth. The harvested green manure is placed on corn or flue-cured tobacco piles, allowing it to slowly evaporate moisture. In the next year, the second crop is harvested when the green manure is not planted, and the second crop can receive 2,000 kilograms of fresh grass per acre. In the first season of the first season of Saharan, the poor green manure should not be harvested first. Fourth, bake fresh green fertilizer grass in the ground cooling and volatilize about 20% of the water, the fresh grass on the back, points hung on the tobacco rod into the barn from top to bottom squeeze tightly layered hanging. At the beginning of baking, open the skylight and the floor of the barn, raise the high temperature for 10 to 12 hours, and then continue to warm the skylight and the hole. After baking until the water is only about 20%, open the skylight and the hole again. Bring it all to the dry heat. The length of baking time depends on the degree of dryness and humidity of the green manure in the baking room. In winter, the water content of the green manure is slower, and it takes a little longer when it is baked. Generally, it takes 3 days; the moisture of the green manure grass volatilizes quickly. It can be baked every 2 days. Each baking about 130 tons of coal consumption. The ratio of fresh grass to hay is 7:1. Fifth, grass powder processing conditional farmers can buy a power of 7.5 kilowatts of electric motors or 12 horsepower diesel engine, with a pulverizer can process different thickness of green fertilizer grass powder. Pigs that feed pigs can be finer and fatteners can be rougher. During processing, the hay is directly fed into the shredder, broken into bags, and placed in a dry place. Unconditional farmers can also use wooden sticks to break up the freshly-baked hay and smash them with a sieve before re-screening so as to feed the livestock. Sixth, the pigs that feed the pigs for two months mix and mix the grass flour with the corn flour 1:1 proportion, and each meal is mixed with 0.3 kg 0.4 kg of water and 0.7 kg of water after mixing (in the summer, it can be directly fed with cold water, Every day must be fed with warm and hot water), feeding 2 to 3 times a day. After one month of pigs, the food intake increased to 0.75 kg. About 50 kg of shelf-fed pigs were fed, and the ratio of grass powder to cornmeal was 2:1 or 3:1, and feeding was conducted at a rate of 1.25 kg per meal. After two months of full-fledged piglets are fed, they can grow to about 100 kg in four months and only consume 150 kg of grass powder, 125 kg of corn, and the cost is 225 yuan (grass flour and corn are calculated at 1 yuan per kilogram). Each pig can Earning around 150 yuan will double the value of the green manure powder, which means that it will produce about 2 yuan in economic value per kilogram of grass powder. Fresh green manure can also be fed to livestock, but fresh grass must be cooked lightly and a suitable amount of flour must be added. The feeding effect is also very good. Seven, lean cattle fattening buy big bone and thin cattle, after deworming treatment, the green fertilizer and corn flour by a ratio of 3:1 with a good ratio, fed two meals a day, each feeding amount of 1.52 kg Add crude corn fiber and other crude fiber plants at the same time. After two months of feeding, the lean cow can fatten the slaughter. The long net meat is about 50 kilograms. Fattening a lean cow grass powder 180 kg, Wang Mi 30 kg, the cost is 210 yuan, can earn 500 yuan, can make the economic value of grass powder rose to 2.4 yuan per kilogram. Green manure can also be fed with lean cows. Before feeding, the fresh grass should be boiled with hot water with other herbivores, and the appropriate amount of cornmeal should be added. The amount of corn meal should be limited, and the amount of feeding should be the same. The feeding effect is equivalent to that of grass powder. VIII. Precautions 1. Feeding lean cows must be slaughtered for two months. Because feeding for too long, the growth will gradually weaken and it will not be worthwhile. 2. When livestock are raised, they cannot be fed with green vegetables at the same time. The water used to cook Qing Lai cannot feed livestock. 3. It is forbidden to sow the seeds of green vegetables in the green manure field. (Wang Guanfu, Government of Babu Town, Zhijin County, Guizhou Province)