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Potato hepatitis B vaccine human test successfully
Genetically modified potatoes against hepatitis B (three Cisco journals) American scientists have developed a genetically modified potato, which may play the role of hepatitis B vaccine, which is good news for developing countries. The hepatitis B virus attacks the liver and kills about 500,000 people each year. However, traditional vaccines need to be refrigerated, which is difficult to achieve in the remote areas of the climate-stricken developing countries. Medical staff often must also make difficult judgments as to whether the expensive hepatitis B vaccine has failed due to accidental heat during transportation. To this end, Charles Arntzen, a biologist at the University of Arizona in the United States, and colleagues designed a vaccine that can be eaten without the need for refrigeration—potatoes. They took a gene from the hepatitis B virus and implanted it into a potato plant, which in turn produced a virus antigen. After a person eats this kind of potato, the antigen protein triggers an immune response against the hepatitis B virus. The research team said that although this method is unlikely to replace the primary immunization, it can replace repeated injections that maintain immunity later. Julian Ma, an immunologist at the St. George's Hospital Medical School in London, said: “It has the potential to have a major impact on global health.†Super Potato participated in trials by Arntzen and colleagues in this experiment with genetically modified potatoes. The first injection of hepatitis B vaccine has been received for 15 years. The results showed that 19 of the 33 participants had more hepatitis B antibodies after eating potatoes, and one of them had a 56-fold increase in antibody levels. The report was published in the "Journal of the National Academy of Sciences" (PNAS). Potato vaccines work well in 60% of participants, which is good news. The researchers explained that even commercial vaccines that contain specific substances to attract immune cells and boost the immune response have less than 10% efficiency. The process of progress Arntzen's team has already combined two other vaccines into the potato, one for travel diarrhea caused by E. coli, and one for influenza caused by Norwalk. "We are very happy," Arntzen said. "There is always skeptic who says that this is not possible, but we have solved all these problems." Unlike E. coli and Norwalk, HBV has not evolved to survive in the intestine. Therefore, the success of this new type of vaccine is particularly surprising: If the hepatitis B vaccine in potatoes is to exert its effects on the immune system, it must first pass the test of the digestive tract. However, raw potatoes are not a very appetizing food, and the content of the vaccine is not stable. For this reason, Arntzen and colleagues are focusing on the research of genetically modified tomatoes containing vaccines and trying to make them into pills. He said: "I hope we no longer need to use untreated materials for human clinical trials."